AP&T: 避孕药的使用和炎症性肠病的风险之间的相关性

2022-01-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

炎性肠病又称炎症性肠病(IBD),为累及回肠、直肠、结肠的一种特发性肠道炎症性疾病。临床表现腹泻、腹痛,甚至可有血便。本病包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)。

炎症性肠病 (IBD) 流行病学在地理位置和时间上的变化表明,环境风险因素在疾病发展中起主要作用。在英国,大约 26% 的育龄妇女使用激素避孕药和通过释放雌激素和孕激素起作用的复方口服避孕药 (COCP) 进行避孕。许多研究表明,与口服避孕药暴露相关的 IBD 发展风险是明显增加的。然而,确切的生物学机制仍然未知。雌激素已被证明可以调节肠壁屏障功能,并且有研究证实患有细菌性胃肠炎的患者在接下来的一年中患 IBD 的可能性要比正常人高出四倍。目前避孕药的激素配方、剂量和持续时间与 IBD 风险之间的关系尚不清楚。因此,本项研究旨在探究各种避孕措施与 IBD 发展之间的关联。

 

这是一项使用 IQVIA 医学研究数据的嵌套病例对照研究。新诊断为 IBD 的 15-49 岁女性与按年龄和年份的对照的患者进行了匹配。然后研究人员使用逻辑回归模型计算了 IBD 事件的发生率和避孕药使用之间的优势比 (OR) 和 95% 置信区间 (95% CI)的差异。

 

 研究人员将 4932 例 IBD 事件发生者与 29340 名对照患者进行了匹配。研究结果显示使用复方口服避孕药 (COCP) 与克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的发生相关(OR 分别为 1.60 95%CI:[1.41-1.82] 和 OR:1.30;95%CI: [1.15-1.45])。每年随访中每增加一个月的 COCP 暴露,克罗恩病的风险就会增加 6.4%(5.1%-7.7%),溃疡性结肠炎的风险会增加 3.3%(2.1%-4.4%)。仅含孕激素的药丸对克罗恩病风险没有影响(OR 1.09 [0.84-1.40]),但与溃疡性结肠炎有一定的相关性(OR 1.35; 95%CI:[1.12-1.64])。肠外避孕与克罗恩病或溃疡性结肠炎的发生无关(OR 分别为 1.15;95%CI:[0.99-1.47] 和 1.17; 95%CI:[0.98-1.39])。

 

本项研究结果证实IBD 的发生风险随着 COCP 暴露时间的增加而增加。仅含孕激素的药片与克罗恩病无关,但与溃疡性结肠炎有一定的关联。仅使用孕激素的肠外避孕与 IBD 之间没有关联。

原始出处:

Thomas Joshua Pasvol. Et al. Use of contraceptives and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a nested case–control study. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2022.

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    2022-01-26 屋顶瞄爱赏月

    学习学习学习

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    2022-01-26 查查佳佳

    黄酮摄入量较高与肺功能参数相关,但其

    0

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