Carcinogenesis:连难搞的三阴性乳腺癌,这个降糖药也能神助攻

2019-07-01 国际糖尿病编辑部 国际糖尿病

三阴性乳腺癌是一种侵袭性乳腺癌,约占所有癌症的12%,通常预后不佳。大多数乳腺癌的生长和扩散依赖于激素,如雌激素和孕酮。因此,针对这些激素受体进行靶向治疗是重要的治疗方式。然而,与这些乳腺癌不同,三阴性乳腺癌缺乏三种激素受体——雌激素受体、孕酮受体和人类表皮生长因子受体2。因此,这种癌症特别难以靶向治疗。

三阴性乳腺癌是一种侵袭性乳腺癌,约占所有癌症的12%,通常预后不佳。大多数乳腺癌的生长和扩散依赖于激素,如雌激素和孕酮。因此,针对这些激素受体进行靶向治疗是重要的治疗方式。然而,与这些乳腺癌不同,三阴性乳腺癌缺乏三种激素受体——雌激素受体、孕酮受体和人类表皮生长因子受体2。因此,这种癌症特别难以靶向治疗。

研究表明,癌症干细胞是治疗三阴性乳腺癌的潜在靶点。癌症干细胞似乎是三阴性乳腺癌形成和进展的关键。现在,研究人员可能已经找到一种方法来削弱这些细胞的作用,使肿瘤更容易被治疗。

英国南安普顿大学癌症细胞生物学Jeremy Blaydes领导的一个研究小组发现,糖尿病药物二甲双胍会改变癌症干细胞的代谢,使它们更容易被一种新的治疗方式靶向治疗。Blaydes及其同事在Carcinogenesis杂志上详细介绍了他们的发现。

新方法使癌细胞减少76%

通常,乳腺癌干细胞依靠氧气和葡萄糖来产生它们生存和生长所需的能量。然而,在恶劣环境条件下,这些细胞可以调整它们的代谢,更多地依赖于葡萄糖而不是氧气。和所有细胞一样,癌症干细胞可以通过糖酵解将葡萄糖分解供能。

在这项新研究中,Blaydes及其同事将低剂量二甲双胍应用于培养的乳腺癌干细胞中,持续时间超过8周。这样做会迫使乳腺癌细胞对葡萄糖“上瘾”。过度依赖葡萄糖的细胞表现出更高的糖酵解率以及C端结合蛋白(CtBP)活性,而CtBPs会促进肿瘤生长。通过这种方式改变癌细胞的新陈代谢,使它们对抑制CtBP的药物治疗更加敏感。

总的来说,将二甲双胍应用于癌细胞,然后通过使用CtBP抑制剂“关闭”CtBP基因,可将癌细胞的生长速度降低76%。

Blaydes指出,他们的工作使人们第一次看到了新陈代谢变化如何改变乳腺癌干细胞的行为,并揭示了新的治疗目标,相关研究才处于初步阶段。现在需要推动CtBP抑制剂作为乳腺癌药物的开发。他们希望这能够为最需要治疗的乳腺癌患者带来新的治疗选择。

下一步,研究人员计划进一步完善CtBP抑制剂,并检查二甲双胍和CtBP抑制剂的各种联合治疗在阻止三阴性乳腺癌扩散方面的作用。

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    2020-03-17 kalseyzl
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    2020-04-14 cy0324
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    2019-07-03 skhzy

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