European Urology:膀胱癌患者的生活质量如何?问卷提示性功能障碍成很大困扰

2021-04-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

与普通人群和其他常见癌症患者报告的HRQOL相比,膀胱癌患者的HRQOL更差。

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2018年全球新诊断的膀胱癌(BC)有50万例。BC包含一系列疾病进展,从无痛性非肌肉浸润性BC(NMIBC)到需要根治性手术、放疗(RT)再到侵袭性肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC)。患者的预期寿命因并存疾病的不同而长短不一。在癌症患者关心的三个关键问题(生存率、护理经验和未来生活质量)中,关于健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)的理解存在重大差距。

大多数HRQOL报告都集中在MIBC的幸存者身上,因为根治性膀胱切除术(RC)或根治性放疗会影响尿、肠、性功能和身体形象。在社会交往中身体活动和情感功能的缺陷已被描述,但对NMIBC诊断后的HRQOL、长期BC预后以及这些患者与其他癌症患者的比较知之甚少。

为了确定这一点,有研究者进行了一项横断面调查,覆盖了10%的英国人口。该研究的主要目标是在人群水平上确定在过去10年内诊断出的患有或超过BC的个体的HRQOL。次要目标是将该HRQOL与其他盆腔癌患者和普通人群的HRQOL进行比较。该研究结果近日发表在European Urology期刊上。

研究者通过国家癌症登记数据确定诊断膀胱癌后1-10年的参与者。采用5级EQ-5D (EQ-5D- 5l)和欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量问卷(EORTC QLQ)-C30测定一般HRQOL。膀胱癌特异性结果来自EORTC QLQ-BLM30和EORTC QLQ-NMIBC24。

HRQOL采用EQ-5D-5L问卷

研究共完成1796项调查问卷(应答率55%),包括868例(48%)非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌患者,893例(50%)接受放疗或根治性膀胱切除术患者,以及35例(1.9%)治疗不明的患者。大多数(69%)的参与者在任何EQ-5D维度上都至少有一个问题。年龄/性别调整的一般HRQOL结果在所有阶段和治疗组中都是相似的,而问题随着年龄和长期情况而增加。性问题在男性中很常见,随着年龄的减小和根治性治疗的增加而增加。较年轻的参与者(65岁以下)比85岁以上的参与者报告了更多的经济困难。BC患者的HRQOL明显低于结直肠癌和前列腺癌后以及普通人群的HRQOL(51%[95%CI:48 53],均p<0.05)。

研究结果提示,长期整体HRQOL与患者年龄和LTCs差异较大相关,而不是治疗类型、疾病分期或诊断后时间。这一重要的观察结果对治疗决策具有直接的临床意义,在这一过程中,了解两种不同程度的治疗方法并作出权衡(总体生存率和生存质量)是至关重要的。

其次,治疗强度和多种治疗方式似乎与HRQOL的不良结果无关(包括一般症状和治疗特异性症状)。例如,接受经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)单独治疗或TURBT联合膀胱灌注治疗的受试者有相似的泌尿系统症状和性功能评分。接受RC单独治疗或RC联合全身化疗的受试者在所有领域(包括疲劳和胃肠道症状)的功能和症状评分相似。

第三,一些问题得分最高的是男性的性功能问题。评分根据年龄、LTCs和治疗不同而不同,这表明是多因素导致的。参与者接受RC或RT治疗,直接影响勃起能力和射精(和女性阴道长度)。

总之,与普通人群和其他常见癌症患者报告的HRQOL相比,膀胱癌患者的HRQOL更差,而且似乎与接受的治疗和疾病阶段无关。总的来说,这些数据为临床医生和患者考虑多模式治疗方案提供了可靠的证据,并证明了基于症状、患者偏好和生存率的治疗选择是合理的。

参考文献:Catto J , Downing A , Mason S , et al. Quality of life after bladder cancer: A cross-sectional survey of patient-reported outcomes[J]. European Urology, 2021.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2021.01.032

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    2021-04-22 SR~young海东

    战胜癌症,刻不容缓!

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    2021-07-25 feather89
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    2021-04-11 留走人康

    膀胱癌真怪,明明是免疫敏感性肿瘤,为什么PD-1治疗效果不好呢?难道靶点不对?将来CD47会不会有效

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    2021-04-10 182201837cm

    学习

    0

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