Lancet: 严重经期出血怎么办?锁孔子宫切除手术更有效

2019-09-25 徐悦 生物探索

研究人员招募并随机分配了660名和Jane Smith症状相似的女性,她们年龄在50岁以下并有严重的经期出血症状。一半的志愿者接受子宫内膜消融手术;另一半的志愿者接受腹腔镜子宫切除手术(LASH)。在手术后15个月,接受LASH治疗的女性对治疗效果更满意。

女性一个月总会有那么几天不在状态,尤其是在炎热的天气里,身上流着汗,下体流着血。不少女网友还自嘲是一匹汗血宝马,不管喝多少热水都缓解不了“血流成河”的悲剧。可怕的是,在英国有25%的女性受严重经期出血的影响,她们不得不接受手术治疗。然而传统的子宫切除手术虽然有效,但是它带来的并发症也不容小觑。

苏格兰阿伯丁郡47岁妇女Jane Smith,多年来饱受经期出血过多的折磨。她表示:“我曾经尝试过服用药物或者是佩戴宫内节育器,但是都没有多少效果。两年前我选择了去做子宫内膜切除手术,但是也失败了。”

2018年1月份,Jane Smith参与了一项新的研究试验。该研究由英国阿伯丁大学的医学博士Kevin Cooper教授主导,通过锁孔手术去除部分子宫来治疗重度经期出血的症状。研究结果表明:相较于传统的子宫内膜消融手术,锁孔子宫切除术更加安全有效。该研究发表在顶级医学杂志《柳叶刀》上。

研究人员招募并随机分配了660名和Jane Smith症状相似的女性,她们年龄在50岁以下并有严重的经期出血症状。一半的志愿者接受子宫内膜消融手术;另一半的志愿者接受腹腔镜子宫切除手术(LASH)。在手术后15个月,接受LASH治疗的女性对治疗效果更满意。

在20世纪90年代中期,阿伯丁大学的研究人员率先证明,子宫内膜消融术(仅破坏子宫内膜)是一种有效的侵入性较低的替代传统子宫切除术的方法。传统的方法切除子宫和子宫颈。而LASH是在传统的子宫切除术上进行改良,通过腹腔镜锁孔手术以切除包含子宫内膜的子宫的上部。试验表明:LASH在临床有效性方面优于子宫内膜切除术。

在LASH治疗中应用的锁孔技术大约需要进行90分钟,但是这种技术在临床应用是可以避免患者出现大的切口,最大限度地减少伤害。

Jane Smith作为接受LASH治疗的一名志愿者表示:“手术进行得很顺利,在手术结束当天晚上便可出院四周后我便重新返回到工作当中,截止目前并没有发生不良反应。”

Kevin Cooper教授认为:“尽管手术时间较长,恢复时间较慢,但腹腔镜子宫切除术可以改善月经失血,周期性疼痛和性交困难,且不会增加术后并发症或引发膀胱相关症状的风险。该手术为女性提供了另一种有效的外科手术选择。”

皇家妇产科学院顾问妇科医生兼发言人Caroline Overton博士表示,需要进行更多的研究来弄清楚从长远来看会发生什么。

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