Nature BE:瘫痪的人可以重新行走吗?鲍哲南团队带来新突破

2022-08-18 王聪 “生物世界”公众号

近期有研究发现人工智能提供的新疗法可以止痛,减少患者使用阿片类药物。

神经是生命活动所必需的,对生活质量有着重大影响,但神经也容易受到身体损伤、遗传因素、继发性并发症和衰老等各种原因的损害。一旦神经受损,它们就难以重建,并且由于神经受损导致生物信号传导不良,会导致部分或全部身体功能永久丧失。

在神经损伤患者的各种康复方法中,目前在临床实践中效果积极的是基于计算机控制的功能性电刺激(FES)疗法。通过电刺激来诱导神经病变患者已经无法控制的肌肉进行收缩,从而产生一定的运动能力。

然而这种方法存在局限性,不适合患者在日常生活中长期使用。因为这种方法需要复杂的数字电路和计算机进行信号处理以刺激肌肉,在此过程中将消耗大量能量,且生物相容性差。

2022年8月15日,斯坦福大学鲍哲南教授团队与首尔国立大学李泰雨教授团队合作,在 Nature 子刊 Nature Biomedical Engineering 上发表了题为:A low-power stretchable neuromorphic nerve with proprioceptive feedback 的研究论文。该研究通过人工神经成功地恢复了瘫痪小鼠的肌肉运动,帮助瘫痪小鼠实现行走、奔跑甚至是踢球。

为了解决功能性电刺激(FES)的局限性,研究团队成功地仅使用人工神经控制小鼠的腿部运动,而无需使用复杂且笨重的外部计算机,使用可拉伸、低功率的有机纳米线神经形态装置,模拟生物神经纤维的结构和功能。

这种可拉伸的人工神经由一个模拟本体感受器(指位于肌肉、肌腱和关节内的感受器,感受身体在空间运动和位置的变更,向中枢提供信息)的应变传感器、一个模拟生物突触的有机人工突触和一个用于将信号传输到腿部肌肉的水凝胶电极组成。

研究人员根据传递给人工突触的动作电位的发射频率,以类似于生物神经的原理,调整小鼠腿的运动和肌肉的收缩力。与功能性电刺激(FES)相比,该研究开发的人工神经实现了更顺畅、更自然的腿部运动。

此外,人工本体感受器能够检测小鼠的腿部运动,并实时反馈给人工突触,以防止腿部运动过度导致肌肉损伤。

在这项研究中,研究团队使用这种人工神经成功帮助瘫痪的小鼠行走、奔跑,以及踢球。此外,该研究还通过从小鼠的运动皮层采集预先记录的信号并通过人工突触移动小鼠的腿,展示了人工神经在未来对自主运动的适用性。

李泰雨教授表示,在医学取得长足的进步今天,神经损伤仍然是一项重大科学挑战,如果没有新的突破,未来也仍将难以解决。而这项研究为使用神经形态技术以工程的方式而不是生物医学的方式克服神经损伤。这项突破性进展将为改善患有相关疾病和障碍的人的生活质量开辟一条新途径。

鲍哲南教授表示,这项研究充满潜力,通过为神经损伤患者开发可拉伸的人工神经,为开发对患者友好的、更实用的可穿戴神经假肢奠定了基础。

李泰雨(左),鲍哲南(右)

原始出处:

Lee, Y., Liu, Y., Seo, DG. et al. A low-power stretchable neuromorphic nerve with proprioceptive feedback. Nat. Biomed. Eng (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-022-00918-x.

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    2022-10-14 zxxiang
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    2023-05-02 侠胆医心 来自上海

    #鲍哲南#团队采用#人工神经#成功地恢复了#瘫痪#小鼠的肌肉运动,帮助瘫痪小鼠实现行走、奔跑甚至是踢球。未来可以用于#可穿戴神经假肢#,这是超牛的

    0

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    2022-12-15 liye789132251
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1725076, encodeId=07e71e2507689, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Fri Oct 14 16:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2129613, encodeId=e71c2129613fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6bc10291584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鲍哲南#</a>团队采用<a href='/topic/show?id=24e610603926' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人工神经#</a>成功地恢复了<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>小鼠的肌肉运动,帮助瘫痪小鼠实现行走、奔跑甚至是踢球。未来可以用于<a href='/topic/show?id=a76d10604077' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可穿戴神经假肢#</a>,这是超牛的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102915, encryptionId=e6bc10291584, topicName=鲍哲南), TopicDto(id=106039, encryptionId=24e610603926, topicName=人工神经), TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪), TopicDto(id=106040, encryptionId=a76d10604077, topicName=可穿戴神经假肢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Tue May 02 01:07:26 CST 2023, time=2023-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=上海), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885964, encodeId=a7aa1885964ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Dec 15 12:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1443008, encodeId=a34a1443008e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Fri Aug 19 10:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239422, encodeId=d9e8123942244, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff9c3032606, createdName=laiminchao, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 08:41:50 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239413, encodeId=fa481239413d1, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 07:29:56 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1725076, encodeId=07e71e2507689, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Fri Oct 14 16:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2129613, encodeId=e71c2129613fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6bc10291584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鲍哲南#</a>团队采用<a href='/topic/show?id=24e610603926' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人工神经#</a>成功地恢复了<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>小鼠的肌肉运动,帮助瘫痪小鼠实现行走、奔跑甚至是踢球。未来可以用于<a href='/topic/show?id=a76d10604077' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可穿戴神经假肢#</a>,这是超牛的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102915, encryptionId=e6bc10291584, topicName=鲍哲南), TopicDto(id=106039, encryptionId=24e610603926, topicName=人工神经), TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪), TopicDto(id=106040, encryptionId=a76d10604077, topicName=可穿戴神经假肢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Tue May 02 01:07:26 CST 2023, time=2023-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=上海), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885964, encodeId=a7aa1885964ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Dec 15 12:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1443008, encodeId=a34a1443008e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Fri Aug 19 10:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239422, encodeId=d9e8123942244, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff9c3032606, createdName=laiminchao, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 08:41:50 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239413, encodeId=fa481239413d1, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 07:29:56 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-18 laiminchao

    学习了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1725076, encodeId=07e71e2507689, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Fri Oct 14 16:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2129613, encodeId=e71c2129613fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6bc10291584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#鲍哲南#</a>团队采用<a href='/topic/show?id=24e610603926' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人工神经#</a>成功地恢复了<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>小鼠的肌肉运动,帮助瘫痪小鼠实现行走、奔跑甚至是踢球。未来可以用于<a href='/topic/show?id=a76d10604077' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#可穿戴神经假肢#</a>,这是超牛的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102915, encryptionId=e6bc10291584, topicName=鲍哲南), TopicDto(id=106039, encryptionId=24e610603926, topicName=人工神经), TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪), TopicDto(id=106040, encryptionId=a76d10604077, topicName=可穿戴神经假肢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=侠胆医心, createdTime=Tue May 02 01:07:26 CST 2023, time=2023-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=上海), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885964, encodeId=a7aa1885964ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Dec 15 12:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-12-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1443008, encodeId=a34a1443008e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fe69e126189' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瘫痪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71261, encryptionId=fe69e126189, topicName=瘫痪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45265003536, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Fri Aug 19 10:16:34 CST 2022, time=2022-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239422, encodeId=d9e8123942244, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ff9c3032606, createdName=laiminchao, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 08:41:50 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1239413, encodeId=fa481239413d1, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/05/12/539233de2bda9b8c67d179a9bf6036a1.jpg, createdBy=d4a42010049, createdName=叶子12, createdTime=Thu Aug 18 07:29:56 CST 2022, time=2022-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-18 叶子12

    学习了

    0

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