J Abnorm Child Psychol :心理所考察创伤暴露儿童青少年中不同的情感麻木类型

2020-08-13 李根 中科院心理所

情感麻木是个体经历创伤性事件后常出现的一种异常情绪性反应,也是创伤后应激障碍的主要症状之一。情感麻木表现为对具有情绪效价的刺激难以产生相应的情绪反应,根据受限的情绪类型又可进一步区分为正性和负性。

情感麻木是个体经历创伤性事件后常出现的一种异常情绪性反应,也是创伤后应激障碍(Posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的主要症状之一。情感麻木表现为对具有情绪效价的刺激难以产生相应的情绪反应,根据受限的情绪类型又可进一步区分为正性情绪麻木和负性情绪麻木。

在最初的PTSD诊断标准中,情感麻木症状被描述为“受限的情绪状态”,包括对正性情绪和负性情绪的麻木。在新发布的《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第五版,DSM-5)》中,对这一症状的描述被修订为“难以体验到正性情绪”,缩小了这一症状的界定范围。但是,这一修订并非基于足够的实证证据。特别是在儿童青少年中,有研究发现创伤后的负性情绪麻木与PTSD可能有更强的关联。

为进一步验证这一症状标准修订的适用性,中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室王力研究组对14465名儿童青少年地震幸存者中的情感麻木症状进行考察。该研究通过项目反应理论分析和症状学分析分别考察“难以体验到正性情绪”和“难以体验到负性情绪”这两种不同的情感麻木类型。

研究显示,相较负性情绪麻木,正性情绪麻木症状对PTSD整体麻木症状簇水平具有更好的区分度。与没有报告情感麻木症状的组别相比,同时报告了两种情感麻木类型的组别具有最高的PTSD诊断率、PTSD症状严重程度和功能损伤情况,其次是只报告了正性情绪麻木的组别。只报告了负性情绪麻木的组别虽然PTSD严重程度和功能损伤最低,但也高于无情感麻木组。

该研究在症状水平上对PTSD不同类型的情感麻木症状进行考察,结果显示不管是何种类型的情感麻木,均会对儿童青少年的PTSD症状和功能有影响,因此在研究和临床实践中都值得继续关注。同时,该结果也为未来PTSD诊断标准中对该症状的界定提供了实证证据。

研究工作受到国家自然科学基金项目、国家社会科学基金重大项目、中科院对外合作重点项目、中科院重点部署项目,以及教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目等的支持。相关研究成果在线发表在国际儿童和青少年心理病理研究协会(International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology)官方期刊Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology上。

原始出处:

Gen Li, Li Wang, Chengqi Cao, et al.An Item-Based Analysis of PTSD Emotional Numbing Symptoms in Disaster-Exposed Children and Adolescents.J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2020 Jul 18. doi: 10.1007/s10802-020-00677-w.

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    2020-08-13 彭红

    青少年,祖国的未来!

    0

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