Mol Cell:A型流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体三维冷冻电镜结构揭示

2015-01-28 伊文 中国科学院生物物理研究所

1月22日,Molecular Cell 杂志在线发表了流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体的结构和功能研究方面的研究成果。 流感病毒属负链RNA病毒,有A、B和C型三种类型。其中,A型流感病毒是具有极强的致病性和传播能力的流感病毒种类,在过去有记录的人类历史上,曾经反复暴发,造成人类社会巨大灾难。由于流感病毒的快速变异特点,可以不断产生具有抗药性、高致病性的新毒株,从而对人类

1月22日,Molecular Cell 杂志在线发表了流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体的结构和功能研究方面的研究成果。

流感病毒属负链RNA病毒,有A、B和C型三种类型。其中,A型流感病毒是具有极强的致病性和传播能力的流感病毒种类,在过去有记录的人类历史上,曾经反复暴发,造成人类社会巨大灾难。由于流感病毒的快速变异特点,可以不断产生具有抗药性、高致病性的新毒株,从而对人类健康构成长期的重大威胁。流感病毒的复制和转录由其自身编码的流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体负责,它包括PA,PB1和PB2三个亚基,总分子量约为250KD。揭示流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体的结构是揭示该复合体工作机制的关键条件之一,也对控制流感病毒至关重要,国际上对此项研究高度重视。虽然对其结构研究的历史可追溯长达四十年,但是由于研究该复合体的难度,该复合体结构一直没有得到揭示。由于其极端重要性,国际上众多国家的研究团队对此开展了长期的研究,竞争十分激烈。

经过长期不懈的努力,由中国科学院生物物理研究所刘迎芳和清华大学王宏伟课题组等中外多方参与的实验室经过通力合作,通过使用最新的高分辨率单颗粒冷冻电镜三维重构技术,解析了含有A型流感病毒RNA聚合酶大部分成分的4.3埃分辨率的四聚体电镜结构。该复合体涵盖了流感病毒聚合酶催化活性的核心区域。四聚体的每个单体内部有一个空腔。从三维重构密度图中可以清晰识别出该空腔内PB1上的催化结构域以及结合的RNA复制起始链,推测是进行RNA合成反应的区域。其活性中心结构与正链RNA聚合酶具有相似性,由此提出了流感病毒合成新生RNA链的机制。在四聚体复合物中,四个单体以D2对称性排列构成一个近似正方形结构。进一步的生物化学与功能研究发现该RNA聚合酶的寡聚状态与其结合的不同RNA底物相关,并可以发生单体-二体-四体之间的四级结构转换,多聚体界面残基的突变可以大大降低流感病毒的活力。在此基础上该论文首次提出了流感病毒转录和复制的转换模型,即四聚体是该复合体复制状态,而单体很可能是转录状态。

A型流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体四体总体结构及二体、四体、单体之间的转换(图作者:李军)

该项工作是刘迎芳研究组继PA亚基结构和功能研究之后,在流感病毒聚合酶结构研究领域取得的重大研究突破,从近原子水平上揭示了流感病毒聚合酶复合体的核心结构,对以后的功能机制研究具有重大意义。在该论文的审稿过程中,法国的一个研究组率先在Nature杂志同时发表了两篇文章,分别报道了B型和蝙蝠流感病毒RNA聚合酶复合体的晶体结构。晶体结构验证了冷冻电镜解析的结构模型,但是与本工作揭示的A型流感不同,这些聚合酶仅以单体形式存在,因此无法提出复制的可能机制。

原始出处:

Chang S1, Sun D1, Liang H1, Wang J2, Li J1, Guo L1, Wang X1, Guan C1, Boruah BM1, Yuan L1, Feng F1, Yang M1, Wang L3, Wang Y3, Wojdyla J4, Li L5, Wang J2, Wang M4, Cheng G3, Wang HW6, Liu Y7.Cryo-EM Structure of Influenza Virus RNA Polymerase Complex at 4.3 Å Resolution.Mol Cell. 2015 Jan 21. pii: S1097-2765(14)01009-0. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.12.031. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-07-22 bioon1
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    2015-03-25 晓辰
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1937721, encodeId=fe9e193e721f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ca28426010b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#复合体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=42601, encryptionId=ca28426010b, topicName=复合体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=bioon1, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 04:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2037887, encodeId=7c39203e887c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db253112424' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冷冻电镜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31124, encryptionId=db253112424, topicName=冷冻电镜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/FGFAawy0kQNXbuvUuLtUVrx5aKhOIkwqJwyxu0QlpLFIDSb1Ht19ptXvYBjuAoNBubibnNF3iazdpico7gJlbBVQg/132, createdBy=edaf2500125, createdName=ms3892185887221420, createdTime=Mon Apr 06 22:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968020, encodeId=68891968020ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=462c155e279' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#RNA聚合酶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15572, encryptionId=462c155e279, topicName=RNA聚合酶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1072181, createdName=wjywjy, createdTime=Sun Mar 22 10:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1955976, encodeId=3a6e19559e66a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30ac80810c0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#聚合酶#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80810, encryptionId=30ac80810c0, topicName=聚合酶)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Wed Mar 25 04:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959259, encodeId=33de1959259ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 08:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869008, encodeId=429e18690083e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Fri Aug 07 11:14:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-05 维他命
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