NEJM:非洲隐球菌性脑膜炎的抗真菌联合治疗

2018-03-15 zhangfan MedSci原创

研究认为,对于HIV阳性隐球菌脑膜炎患者,接受1周的两性霉素B联合氟胞嘧啶或氟康唑联合氟胞嘧啶治疗可最大程度的降低患者死亡风险

每年有超过100000人死于HIV导致的隐球菌性脑膜炎。近日研究人员考察了两性霉素B、氟胞嘧啶与氟康唑对非洲隐球菌性脑膜炎的治疗效果。

研究招募HIV阳性隐球菌脑膜炎患者接受每日1200mg氟康唑+100mg每公斤氟胞嘧啶治疗,持续2周;1周的两性霉素B治疗(每日每公斤体重1mg)或2周的两性霉素B治疗。接受两性霉素B治疗患者可同时接受氟康唑或氟胞嘧啶治疗。诱导治疗后,所有患者均接受氟康唑巩固治疗,随访至10周。

总计721名患者参与研究,氟康唑+氟胞嘧啶组、1周两性霉素B组以及2周两性霉素B组患者2周的死亡率分别为18.2%、21.9%以及21.4%;10周的死亡率分别为35.1%、36.2%和39.7%。在97.5%的置信区间范围内,氟康唑+氟胞嘧啶与2周两性霉素B治疗组死亡率的差异为4.2%,与1周两性霉素B治疗组死亡率的差异为8.1%,无显著差异。两性霉素B联用氟胞嘧啶的效果优于氟康唑(10周死亡率,31.1% vs 45.0%,HR=0.62)。1周的两性霉素B联用氟胞嘧啶治疗后,患者10周死亡率最低(24.2%; 95% CI, 16.2 -32.1)。严重贫血等不良事件的发生率2周两性霉素B组最高。

研究认为,对于HIV阳性隐球菌脑膜炎患者,接受1周的两性霉素B联合氟胞嘧啶或氟康唑联合氟胞嘧啶治疗可最大程度的降低患者死亡风险。

原始出处:

Síle F. Molloy et al. Antifungal Combinations for Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa. N Engl J Med. March 15, 2018.

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    2018-06-18 amy0563
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    2018-03-17 zhaojie88
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    2018-03-17 xugc
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