European Radiology:QSM和VBM在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断的中的应用

2022-05-01 shaosai MedSci原创

现阶段,已有多项研究报道了关于QSM显示了AD或MCI患者脑实质中磁敏感强度的升高。

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是导致痴呆的最常见原因,早期诊断对于适当治疗AD以减缓认知能力下降和减少症状非常重要。现阶段基于体素的形态测量法(VBM)被广泛用于量化AD的疾病进展。然而在早期阶段,如轻度认知障碍(MCI)或临床前阶段的准确诊断仍需改进。淀粉样蛋白正电子发射断层扫描(PET)可以检测早期阶段的淀粉样蛋白β沉积,但由于成本高和辐射暴露,因此很难在临床上应用

现阶段已有多项研究报道了关于QSM显示了AD或MCI患者脑实质中磁敏感强度的升高。QSM是一种评估生物组织中磁敏感强度的MRI技术,估计的磁敏感强度与脑组织中的铁浓度成正比。因此,QSM有望检测到作为神经变性的原因或后果而发生的脑铁沉积。然而,在应用QSM诊断AD时有几个问题。首先,QSM需要额外的扫描时间(全脑约5分钟)。第二,没有既定的方法来评估基于QSM的AD疾病进展。第三,对于MCI的诊断能力没有足够的证据。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究开发了一个基于QSM和VBM混合序列的诊断指数来量化AD的疾病进展,在不增加采集时间的情况下,与传统的VBM相比提供一个新的评估AD的扫描方案。

本研究纳入来自四个中心的37名AD患者、24名AD导致的轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者和36名认知正常(NC)受试者。通过使用3T MRI的三维多回波GRE序列进行混合序列获得用于VBM的T1加权图像和用于QSM的相位图像。通过使用线性支持向量机,从QSM和VBM图像中的特定体素计算指数。对体素提取的方法进行了优化,以最大限度地提高诊断的准确性,并使用受试者工作特性曲线分析将优化后的指数与传统的基于VBM的指数进行比较。 

当体素被提取为顶叶的磁敏感性增加(AD>NC)和边缘系统的灰质体积减少(AD<NC)时,该指数的性能是最佳的。优化后的拟议指数对AD和NC的鉴别表现出色(AUC=0.94,p=1.1×10-10),对MCI和NC表现良好(AUC=0.87,p=1.8×10-6),但对AD和MCI表现不佳(AUC=0.68,p=0.018)。与传统指数相比,所有病例的AUC都有改善,MCI和NC(P<0.05)尤为明显。 


 混合序列示意图。GM和QSM图像分别从第一个回波的幅值图像和所有回波的相位图像中计算出来

本研究提出了一种用于阿尔茨海默病早期诊断的基于QSM和VBM混合序列分析的新的诊断指数。初步结果表明,与传统的基于VBM的指数相比,所提出的基于QSM和VBM的指数提高了MCI组和正常对照组之间的判别性能。

原文出处:

Ryota Sato,Kohsuke Kudo,Niki Udo,et al.A diagnostic index based on quantitative susceptibility mapping and voxel-based morphometry may improve early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.DOI:10.1007/s00330-022-08547-3

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Lancet Neurol:可溶性TREM2与常染色体显性遗传阿尔茨海默病其他标志物及认知功能的相关性

TREM2对阿尔兹海默病患者的aβ沉积、aβ依赖性tau蛋白病理、皮质萎缩和认知能力下降均具有有益作用

BRAIN:血浆生物标志物可用于诊断和预测阿尔茨海默病

血浆生物标志物只能在其他遗传和/或临床信息的背景下,成为评估和预测阿尔茨海默病的有用工具

Alzheimer&Dementia:血管危险因素、神经影像生物标志物和痴呆发生之间的关系

多种血管和阿尔茨海默氏病理因素的相互作用是神经变性和认知能力下降的基础。