Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol:2019年全球糖尿病死亡率和25岁以前的趋势: 全球疾病负担研究分析

2022-04-22 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,有研究人员试图利用已有的2019年世界各国GBD数据评估25岁以下人群的糖尿病死亡率极其趋势。研究认为,尤其在低和中低SDI国家,降低25岁以下糖尿病死亡率仍是一项重要挑战。

糖尿病已被联合国确定为五大非传染性疾病之一,并列入其应对非传染性疾病挑战的行动计划。糖尿病患者慢性并发症的预防和管理涉及复杂、持久和昂贵的工作。相比之下,其急性并发症(如糖尿病酮症酸中毒、高渗性昏迷和严重低血糖)、早发性肾衰竭和急性感染可以通过一系列最小的关键措施来预防。这些措施包括提供负担得起的胰岛素、获得医疗保健(包括葡萄糖监测和急性失代偿的及时服务)和健康教育(包括快速识别和发现1型糖尿病和酮症酸中毒)。

许多低收入和中等收入国家在提供预防糖尿病急性并发症死亡的最基本的关键措施方面取得了相当大的进展。例如,巴西观察到,自1991年至2010年,由于实施国家卫生系统,大大增加了糖尿病患者获得护理的机会,包括免费提供胰岛素,40岁以下的人死于急性并发症的人数减少了74.5% 。

由于死亡率数据是世界上最可用的卫生统计数据,它们可用于跟踪水平和糖尿病基本护理趋势。然而,糖尿病死亡(国际疾病与相关健康问题统计分类,第10版[ icd-10] ,编码 e10-e14)通常被进一步模糊地归类为多发性(. 7)或未指明(. 8)并发症,或无并发症(. 9),因此难以直接评估急性并发症死亡的趋势。例如,从1996年到2011年,在巴西,836% 的死亡,在排除了肾脏疾病(0.2)和外周动脉疾病(0.5)后,被编码为无信息7至9的代码。但是,由于25岁以下人群的死亡率可能主要归咎于是急性并发症,将评估范围限制在这一年龄段,就可以把重点放在可以避免的死亡原因上。

系统地收集死亡率数据的全球疾病、伤害和风险因素负担研究(GBD),提供了世界各国按年龄组和疾病分列的死亡率估计数。研究人员试图开发一个可预防的糖尿病死亡率的简单和最新指标。近日,有研究人员试图利用现成的2019年世界各国GBD数据评估25岁以下人群的糖尿病死亡率及其趋势。

研究方法:在1990年和2019年,研究人员使用GBD2019的估计值来计算25岁以下的国际糖尿病死亡率。1990-2019年死亡原因的数据来源来自生命登记系统、口头尸检和其他监测系统。采用GBD死因总体模型,估算了每个地点的死亡率。分析了每十万人口的年龄标准化死亡率与社会人口指数(SDI)和全民健康保险(UHC)的关系,并描述了SDI五分位数内的差异。给出的估计有95% 的不确定区间。

研究结果:

2019 年,在25岁以下的人群中,全球共 16300 人(95% 的不确定区间为 14200至18900人)死于糖尿病(合并1型和2型),其中73.7%(68.3–77.4)被为归类为1型糖尿病;

年龄标准化死亡率为每10万人0.50(0.44-0.58),其中 15900人(97.5%)发生在中低 SDI 国家;

在高SDI五分之一中,该比率为每10万人0.13(0.12-0.14),在中低 SDI 五分之一中为每10万人0.60(0.51 -0.70),以及在低 SDI 的五分之一中,每10万人中有0.71(0.60 -0.86);

在 SDI 五分位数中,我们观察到各国之间的比率差异很大,部分原因是UHC的程度(r²=0·62);

从 1990 年到 2019 年,全球所有糖尿病的年龄标准化死亡率下降了 17.0%(–28·4 到 –2·9),而当仅考虑 1 型糖尿病;

然而,低SDI五分位数对于所有糖尿病(–13·6% [–28·4 至 3·4])和 1 型糖尿病(–13·6% [–29·3 至 8· 9])下降幅度最小。

降低 25 岁以下的糖尿病死亡率仍然是一项重要挑战,尤其是在低和中低 SDI 国家。糖尿病的诊断和治疗不足可能是导致这些早期死亡的主要原因,突出了提供更好的胰岛素和基础糖尿病教育和护理的迫切需要。这一死亡率指标源自随时可用且经常更新的 GBD 数据,可以帮助监测全球可预防的糖尿病相关死亡,与联合国可持续发展目标保持一致,并作为 1 型糖尿病基本护理充分性的指标 和各国的 2 型糖尿病。

文献来源:GBD 2019 Diabetes Mortality Collaborators. Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(3):177-192. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00349-1

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    2022-10-23 docwu2019
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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243979, encodeId=718d12439e9cd, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 20:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. 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  5. 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objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5917, encryptionId=c097591ed5, topicName=Diabetes)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Thu Jul 14 15:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-07-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1333636, encodeId=6fe2133363699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1a1de07305e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病负担#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70730, encryptionId=1a1de07305e, topicName=疾病负担)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/B389FA68ECBF51BE2FE14093CF61F6AE/100, createdBy=eb8e2500096, createdName=夏天与十三菇凉, createdTime=Sat Apr 23 08:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1213486, encodeId=9d531213486d1, content=感谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5db65480276, createdName=ms1000001687352890, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 18:55:30 CST 2022, time=2022-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1213397, encodeId=2799121339ee0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 11:27:36 CST 2022, time=2022-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243979, encodeId=718d12439e9cd, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 20:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-01 howi
  6. 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  7. 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  8. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243979, encodeId=718d12439e9cd, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 20:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-22 ms1000001687352890

    感谢分享

    0

  9. 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    2022-04-22 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

  10. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1213486, encodeId=9d531213486d1, content=感谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5db65480276, createdName=ms1000001687352890, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 18:55:30 CST 2022, time=2022-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1213397, encodeId=2799121339ee0, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Apr 22 11:27:36 CST 2022, time=2022-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243979, encodeId=718d12439e9cd, content=lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=younei, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 20:41:33 CST 2022, time=2022-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-04-21 younei

    lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时

    0

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