Nature Medicine:大脑损伤的人,戒烟更轻松

2022-06-17 “Brainology”公众号 “Brainology”公众号

物质成瘾既是公共卫生危机,也是致死的一大主要原因,尤其在年轻人中。神经调控疗法是很有前景的治疗手段,如脑损毁术和脑刺激;然而,缺乏清晰的治疗靶标限制了它们的治疗效果。损伤(如中风)引起的脑部病变会在极

物质成瘾既是公共卫生危机,也是致死的一大主要原因,尤其在年轻人中。神经调控疗法是很有前景的治疗手段,如脑损毁术和脑刺激;然而,缺乏清晰的治疗靶标限制了它们的治疗效果。损伤(如中风)引起的脑部病变会在极少数情况下缓解成瘾性。因此,能产生治疗效应的脑部病变或许能帮助发现治疗成瘾的有效靶标。

2022年6月13日,哈佛大学医学院、芬兰图尔库大学等单位的研究人员在 Nature Medicine 期刊发表了题为:Brain lesions disrupting addiction map to a common human brain circuit 的研究论文。

该研究表明,能使人烟草成瘾自发缓解的脑部病变其影响区域属于一个特定的脑神经网络。证明了该神经网络在不同成瘾物质之间通用性的进一步证据,为神经调控疗法提供了一个潜在的新靶标。

研究团队分析了在经历局部脑损伤时有烟瘾的129名患者(60%为男性,平均年龄56岁)的脑扫描数据,其中34人的烟瘾后来出现了自行缓解(定义为能在受伤后立刻轻松戒烟,且没有再次出现烟瘾或复吸的证据)。

论文作者指出,虽然与烟瘾缓解有关的病变发生在大脑的多个位置,但它们都可以映射到同一个特异性的脑神经网络。这个神经网络还在使用其他滥用物质的脑病变独立人群中得到了复现。这里面包括酒精成瘾风险下降的人群,以及能戒断尼古丁以外物质成瘾的脑病变患者。

论文作者最后表示,以上研究结果说明不同的滥用物质使用的是同一个影响成瘾的脑神经网络,并可能由此确定神经调控疗法治疗成瘾的新靶标。但作者也指出,仍需开展进一步研究,尤其需要了解可能与这些靶标关联的潜在不良反应。

原始出处:

Joutsa, J., Moussawi, K., Siddiqi, S.H. et al. Brain lesions disrupting addiction map to a common human brain circuit. Nat Med (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01834-y.

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    2023-01-31 jeanqiuqiu
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    2023-03-12 liye789132251
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    2023-04-26 kalseyzl
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    2022-06-17 ms6000000861173348

    学习了

    0

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