Nature:戒烟后易发胖,原因竟在肠道菌群?

2021-12-12 “生物世界”公众号 “生物世界”公众号

吸烟,会导致多种癌症,还会导致呼吸系统和心脑血管系统等多个系统疾病。据WHO统计,吸烟每年造成约700万人死亡。每3个吸烟者中就有1个死于吸烟相关疾病,吸烟者的平均寿命比非吸烟者缩短10年。

吸烟,会导致多种癌症,还会导致呼吸系统和心脑血管系统等多个系统疾病。据WHO统计,吸烟每年造成约700万人死亡。每3个吸烟者中就有1个死于吸烟相关疾病,吸烟者的平均寿命比非吸烟者缩短10年。

在我国,烟民的数量超过3亿,也是世界上最大的卷烟生产国和消费国,消费了全球40%的烟草。

2021年11月,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院徐宁志和北京协和医学院姜晶梅等人在 BMJ 子刊 Tobacco Control 上发表的研究显示,未来二十年中国因吸烟相关癌症导致的死亡人数将增加约50%。

由于吸烟对健康的多种危害,许多吸烟者想要戒烟,或尝试戒烟。但长期戒断的困难之一是增重(指戒烟相关体重增加,SCWG)。此前研究表明,在当下吸烟、吸烟史与肠道菌群改变间存在关联,但此类改变与SCWG的相关性尚未得到深入了解。

2021年12月8日,以色列魏兹曼科学研究所的研究人员在 Nature 期刊发表了题为:Gut microbiota modulates weight gain in mice after discontinued smoke exposure 的研究论文。

该研究表明,停止暴露于烟草烟雾后肠道菌群的改变或致额外体重增加。该发现有助增进理解为何戒烟后人群常发生增重。

研究团队检查了暴露于烟草烟雾三周的小鼠肠道菌群,将其与未暴露小鼠进行比较。结果发现暴露于烟雾会改变肠道菌群,而在烟雾暴露停止后会发生进一步改变(但并未恢复正常)。

这些成分变化加强了肠道能量摄取,改变了微生物代谢物水平,结果是即使限制了热量摄入体重仍会增加。用抗生素损耗肠道菌群可预防戒烟相关的体重增加,表明增重取决于肠道菌群,而进一步实验表明烟草的非尼古丁成分造成了这些效果。

此外,该研究还在一个人类小组中观察到了类似的肠道菌群成分和代谢物改变,但这一初步试验尚需通过更大规模的受控研究确认。

作者认为,戒烟后体重增加与肠道菌群相关的机制,或可指导干预,提高戒烟成功率,但还需要更大规模的试验证实该机制在人类吸烟者中的相关性。

原始出处:

Fluhr, L., Mor, U., Kolodziejczyk, A.A. et al. Gut microbiota modulates weight gain in mice after discontinued smoke exposure. Nature (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04194-8.

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    2022-06-04 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885530, encodeId=7b18188553076, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Jun 04 04:33:48 CST 2022, time=2022-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1081197, encodeId=1282108119e00, content=好家伙,减肥人会不会反其道行之😂, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e895468972, createdName=皮皮2021, createdTime=Fri Dec 17 16:54:48 CST 2021, time=2021-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1392452, encodeId=f7ab139245235, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=223081e33b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81733, encryptionId=223081e33b6, topicName=肠道菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aa292500107, createdName=1249897bm37(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Dec 14 07:33:48 CST 2021, time=2021-12-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1079419, encodeId=09e010e941907, content=菌群, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=df621297957, createdName=245462683, createdTime=Mon Dec 13 07:59:16 CST 2021, time=2021-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1079368, encodeId=238110e936872, content=写得好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201203/23c7fab364194717836769d96a50cdde/783e78a2b4a4410c9dae7e959ba1c77c.jpg, createdBy=1efd2552192, createdName=福尔摩妮, createdTime=Mon Dec 13 00:20:37 CST 2021, time=2021-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-17 皮皮2021

    好家伙,减肥人会不会反其道行之😂

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    2021-12-13 245462683

    菌群

    0

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    2021-12-13 福尔摩妮

    写得好

    0

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