Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica :关注COVID-19感染者精神症状

2021-05-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在因COVID - 19感染而住院的患者中,精神症状非常常见。发现、诊断和治疗是决定疾病预后和功能恢复的关键。有必要增加诊断策略,特别是对谵妄患者,以改善疾病的总体结果。

由新型冠状病毒SARS - CoV - 2 感染引起的疾病首次出现在中国武汉,并迅速蔓延至世界各地,世界卫生组织于2020311日宣布其为大流行。截至2021212日,已经有超过1.07亿人感染,230万人死亡,这个数字还在继续上升。过去的呼吸道病毒流行与高精神疾病发病率相关,COVID - 19不太可能是一个例外。事实上,有越来越多的证据表明这种联系。然而,到目前为止,人们对普通人群、医护人员或COVID - 19幸存者中的心理健康问题的关注远远多于对住院的危重患者的关注。在医院环境中,精神科联络单位承担的工作量尤为重要,这对与COVID - 19相关的精神病理疾病,特别是焦虑和抑郁障碍、失眠和谵妄的临床管理提出了挑战。这些精神并发症需要快速有效的治疗,需要不同的精神药理学选择(抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药和抗精神病药)。然而,这在很大程度上是未知的,可能是这些药物的影响,以及精神疾病本身,对进化和预后的感染。

Crisanto DiezQuevedo进行了观察性研究中,计划评估COVID - 19住院患者的精神疾病发病率和使用精神药物与死亡率的相关性。研究成果发表在Acta Psychiatr. Scand杂志。

该研究研究了COVID - 19入院前和入院期间的精神障碍和精神药理学治疗与死亡率的关系。纳入研究的受试者均为202031日至1117日在西班牙巴达洛纳一所高等大学医院住院的COVID - 19确诊、经临床和PCR确诊的成年患者。数据以匿名方式从计算机化的临床记录中提取。

该研究纳入了2150名受试者,57%为男性,平均年龄61岁。有精神障碍史的957(45%)。在整个入院过程中,12%无既往病史的患者重新诊断为情绪或焦虑、压力或适应障碍。10%的病例被诊断为谵妄。1011名患者(47%)在入院期间接受了精神药物处方(36%苯二氮卓类药物,22%抗抑郁药物,21%抗精神病药物)。死亡率为17%。入院期间谵妄和情绪障碍史与较高的死亡风险独立相关(危险比分别为1.391.52),而前一年使用抗焦虑药/安眠药和抗抑郁药的治疗与较低的死亡风险独立相关(危险比分别为0.470.43)

从多因素Cox回归的累积死亡风险曲线进行生存分析。入院时谵妄:HR, 1.392;95%置信区间,1.044 - -1.857;p = 0.02。情绪障碍史:HR, 1.521;95%置信区间,1.125 - -2.056;p = 0.006。抗抑郁药物治疗史:HR, 0.429;95%置信区间,0.250 - -0.737;p = 0.002。使用抗焦虑药/安眠药治疗史:HR, 0.474;95%置信区间,0.287 - -0.782;p = 0.003。如果单因素关联显著性为<0.20或它们与临床相关,则对性别、年龄、内科和精神疾病史、住院期间的并发症和治疗进行了调整。死亡状态评估的随访期于20201217日结束,平均随访时间为194.8(std dev, 89.6;最低30;最高299)。在此期间,共有369(17.2%)患者死亡。

这是在一大批COVID - 19住院患者中,关于情绪障碍、焦虑-压力-适应障碍和精神药理学治疗与死亡率相关的首批报告之一。该研究人群有广泛的医学共病,79%的受试者有慢性医学疾病史。COVID - 19本身的严重程度也很高,14%的患者需要入住ICU, 17%的患者死亡。

在因COVID - 19感染而住院的患者中,精神症状非常常见。发现、诊断和治疗是决定疾病预后和功能恢复的关键。有必要增加诊断策略,特别是对谵妄患者,以改善疾病的总体结果。

原文出处

DiezQuevedo, C., IglesiasGonzález, M., GiraltLópez, M., Rangil, T., Sanagustin, D., Moreira, M., LópezRamentol, M., IbáñezCaparrós, A., Lorán, M.E., BustosCardona, T., MenéndezCuiñas, I., MundoCid, P., BlancoPresas, L., de Pablo, J. and CuevasEsteban, J. (2021), Mental disorders, psychopharmacological treatments, and mortality in 2150 COVID19 Spanish inpatients. Acta Psychiatr. Scand., 143: 526-534. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13304

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    2021-06-22 windight
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    2021-05-16 杰克13

    天呐?!

    0

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    2021-05-16 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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    2021-05-16 害怕的风

    不错

    0

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