Neurosurgery:抽吸导管越粗,取栓成功率越高?

2020-03-16 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

2020年1月来自美国的 Ali Alawieh 等在 NEUROSURGERY 杂志上发表了他们的研究结果,介绍了 ADAPT 血栓切除术的大量经验,并分析了再灌注导管大小对成功率和患者预后的影响。

尽管急性缺血性卒中(AIS)的治疗最近取得了革命性的进展,其仍然是美国成年人口发病率和死亡率的主要原因。对于发病24h 内使用支架回收装置(stent retriever,SR)对大血管闭塞(LVO)进行再通治疗,过去5年的试验已经取得了1A 级证据。然而,最近的随机对照试验发现,直接抽吸血栓切除术作为一线治疗措施在技术和临床预后方面不次于 SR 血栓切除术。这样,治疗急性 LVO 卒中的设备又增加了新的一员。

从2013年开始,直接抽吸技术(A Direct Aspiration Approach as First Pass Technique,ADAPT)被引入,能够提供快速再通,并且降低了手术费用。ADAPT 的要点是将大口径导管送到血栓处,然后用抽吸法清除血栓。如果直接抽吸失败未能使血管再通,该导管则被用于 SR 血栓切除术。自2013年首次引入以来,ADAPT 经过了技术的改进,主要使导管本身技术的改进。最初采用了 Penumbra 5MaxTM(直径,0.054”)和5MaxTM ACE(直径,0.060”)再灌注导管(二者皆为 Penumbra, Alameda, California),随后引入了 ACE64(直径,0.064”)和 ACE68(直径,0.068”)导管(Penumbra)。导管技术的进步主要为提高可输送性,加大与血栓接触导管远端和近端的内径(inner diameters,ID),以增加抽吸力。

2020年1月来自美国的 Ali Alawieh 等在 NEUROSURGERY 杂志上发表了他们的研究结果,介绍了 ADAPT 血栓切除术的大量经验,并分析了再灌注导管大小对成功率和患者预后的影响。

研究者回顾性分析了2013年1月道2017年11月间收住南卡罗来纳医科大学并进行了 ADAPT 血栓切除术的急性缺血性卒中患者。在510例患者中,首次抽吸成功再通率为61.8%,仅采用抽吸术者成功率达77.5%。平均手术时间为27.4min,90天良好预后(mRS 0-2)率为42.9%。与小直径导管(5MAX和ACE,P<0.05)相比,使用较大直径导;管的再通率(仅抽吸)显着升高,手术时间显着缩短。各组的并发症发生率和术后脑实质出血发生率没有差异(P >0.05);不过,在多变量回归分析中使用 ACE 068导管是90天良好预后的独立预测因子(OR = 1.6,P< 0.05)。

最终作者认为使用更大内径、抽吸力更强的再灌注导管改进了 ADAPT 血栓切除术的技术,改善了患者预后,缩短了手术时间,并且在不增加并发症的情况下降低了使用其他取栓装置的可能性。

原始出处: Ali Alawieh, PhD, A Rano Chatterjee, MD, Jan Vargas, MD, et al. Lessons Learned Over More than 500 Stroke Thrombectomies Using ADAPT With Increasing Aspiration Catheter Size. Neurosurgery. 2020 Jan 1;86(1):61-70. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyy444.

 

 

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    2020-11-04 chg121
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    2020-03-17 lsndxfj
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