两名儿童接受最贵的基因治疗药物Zolgensma治疗后死于肝功能衰竭,正在调查原因

2022-08-12 张虎杰 细胞与基因治疗领域

2022年8月11日,两名儿童在接受诺华 ( NYSE: NVS ) 脊髓性肌萎缩基因治疗药物Zolgensma (onasemnogene abeparvovec) 治疗后

2022年8月11日,两名儿童在接受诺华 ( NYSE: NVS ) 脊髓性肌萎缩基因治疗药物Zolgensma (onasemnogene abeparvovec) 治疗后死于急性肝功能衰竭,具体原因正在进一步调查中,死亡发生在俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦。患者在一次性输注Zolgensma大约五到六周及维持肝功能药物皮质类固醇给药逐渐减量后约一到十天时死亡。之前在Zolgensma的III期试验中,一名婴儿接受治疗过程中死亡,但调查后发现其死亡原因是呼吸道感染对大脑造成的损害,与基因治疗无关。今年3 月,诺华公司表示,Zolgensma 已在全球范围内用于超过1800名患者。

2019年5月份,诺华公司旗下AveXis公司宣布,基因治疗药物Zolgensma获FDA批准上市,用于治疗2岁以下脊髓性肌萎缩症(Spinal Muscular Atrophy, SMA)患者。Zolgensma是一种治疗1型SMA的基因替代疗法,理论上一次给药长期甚至终生有效,是从本质上治疗此疾病的一次性治疗方案。此基因疗法用scAAV9载体经静脉输注将正常SMN1基因导入患者体内,产生正常的SMN1蛋白,从而改善运动神经元等受累细胞的功能。相比之下,治疗SMA的药物Spinraza和Evrysdi则需要长期重复给药,Spinraza每四个月通过脊柱注射给药一次,而Evrysdi是一种需每日口服药物。

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2022年1月,诺华(Novartis,NYSE:NVS)在中国递交的脊髓性肌萎缩(Spinal Muscular Atrophy, SMA)AAV基因治疗药物OAV101注射液(Zolgensma)临床试验申请已获得临床试验默示许可。2022年6月20日下午,诺华(Novartis)基因疗法(OAV101)临床试验中国研究中心启动会在组长单位北京大学第一医院顺利召开,该临床试验属于全球III期临床STEER研究的中国部分,由北京大学第一医院儿科熊晖教授牵头,面向2~18岁初治2型脊髓性肌萎缩症(简称SMA)患者中国国家药监局药品审评中心(CDE)官网2022年7月4日显示:诺华的SMA基因治疗药物OAV101注射液(onasemnogene abeparvovac,Zolgensma)拟纳入突破性疗法并开始公示

Zolgensma在国外的3期STR1VE试验数据和已完成的1期START试验数据显示Zolgensma明显提高了患者生存率,另外,Zolgensma治疗能够快速且长久改善患者的运动能力,高剂量给药组,CHOP INTEND运动机能评分分数快速增加,1个月时增加9.8分,3个月增加15.4分,此外,患者独立坐立、站立等指标均有一定程度的改善。STR1VE中的安全性观察结果与START试验中的安全性观察结果相似,未见严重的不良反应,最常见的不良反应是转氨酶升高和呕吐。

相关报道:

JAMA Neurol:Zolgensma治疗后5年,脊髓性肌肉萎缩症患者仍可获得长期临床缓解

2021年全球最贵药物TOP10

诺华的天价基因疗法Zolgensma,在欧洲获批治疗脊柱性肌肉萎缩症

诺华的基因疗法Zolgensma,在日本获批治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)儿童患者

1348万Zolgensma,一针治愈遗传病脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)

关于SMA

SMA是一种罕见的遗传性神经肌肉疾病,是导致儿童死亡的最常见的遗传病,由编码运动神经元存活蛋白的SMN1基因突变引起。SMA患儿脊髓前角运动神经元会出现不同程度的萎缩,肌肉功能逐步丧失。在最严重的形式中,超过90%的SMA病例会致瘫痪且最终致死。每年约有450至500名SMA患儿在美国出生,尽早诊断并开始治疗,以阻止运动神经元不可逆损伤及疾病进展,这对于最严重的SMA临床型患儿尤其重要。据报道,目前美国37个州都可以进行新生儿筛查,覆盖了出生时患有SMA婴儿的约85%。对于像SMA这样的退行性疾病,早期治疗更有可能避免残疾,所以医生们在做出诊断后就倾向于使用药物对此进行治疗。

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    2022-08-14 江川靖瑶
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    2022-08-14 HNYYM

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