Neurology:25万人大数据研究:痴呆相关精神病者,其死亡风险和长期护理风险剧增

2021-04-10 Freeman MedSci原创

25万人大数据研究:痴呆相关精神病者,其死亡风险和长期护理风险剧增

痴呆症影响着700多万美国人,而且常常并发精神病,这种现象被称为痴呆相关精神病(dementia-related psychosis, DRP)。根据痴呆症的类型和疾病的发展,大约20%-70%的患者会出现DRP,通常以妄想和幻觉为特征。

DRP可以严重致残,对患者及其照顾者产生深远的影响,往往导致住院治疗。DRP的治疗方案并不理想,因为抗精神病药物往往会加重症状,而且本身可能与不良事件有关。目前,还没有从大规模的行政数据库中获得DRP发病率的估计值,DRP的潜在影响,比如,其与长期住院护理(LTC)和死亡的关系,还没有被研究。

藉此,美国Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute的James B. Wetmore等人,利用美国全国性的Medicare医疗保险数据集发现痴呆症和DRP患者,对患有和不患有DRP的痴呆症患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。

他们探究了痴呆相关精神病(DRP)与死亡和使用长期护理(LTC)的关系;

主要假设是:DRP将与痴呆患者死亡和使用LTC的风险增加相关。

主要的临床结局是LTC(定义为连续入住养老院>100天)和死亡。DRP患者与无精神病的痴呆患者按年龄、性别、种族、合并症数量和痴呆指数年份直接匹配。最后使用Cox比例危险回归模型评估DRP与临床结局的关系。

他们纳入了256408名痴呆症患者,在痴呆确诊后的2年内,13.9%的患者出现DRP,31.9%的患者已经死亡。5年后的相应估计为25.5%和64.0%。

罹患DRP的患者和未罹患DRP的患者的平均年龄差异不大(83.8±7.9岁),83.1±8.7岁。DRP患者中女性(71.0% vs 68.3%)和白人(85.7% vs 82.0%)的可能性略高。

在患上DRP的2年内,16.1%进入LTC,52.0%死亡;没有DRP的患者的相应比例分别为8.4%和30.0%。

在匹配队列中,DRP与更大的LTC风险(危险比[HR]2.36,2.29-2.44)和死亡(HR 2.06,2.02-2.10)相关。

这个25万人的大数据研究表明:痴呆相关精神病者的死亡风险增加一倍以上,需要长期护理的风险增加近2.5倍。

因为预计到2050年全球痴呆症人口将增长到1.3亿以上,了解DRP的潜在影响将为患者、医疗服务提供者、公共卫生社区、支付者和其他利益相关者提供重要信息。

原文出处:

Association of Dementia-Related Psychosis With Long-term Care Use and Death
James B. Wetmore, Yi Peng, Heng Yan, Suying Li, Muna Irfan, Andrew Shim, Nicholas S. Roetker, Victor Abler, Nazia Rashid, David T. Gilbertson
Neurology Mar 2021, 96 (12) e1620-e1631; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011632

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    2021-10-01 yinhl1978
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    2021-04-10 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

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