JAMA:高流量鼻导管与持续气道正压通气治疗对儿科重症监护的作用对比

2022-06-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

重要性 急性病儿童无创呼吸支持的最佳一线模式尚不清楚。

重要性 急性病儿童无创呼吸支持的最佳一线模式尚不清楚。

研究目的旨在评估高流量鼻导管(HFNC)作为急性疾病无创呼吸支持的一线模式,与持续气道正压通气(CPAP)相比,在从各种形式的呼吸支持中解放出来的时间方面的非劣效性。

设计、设置和参与者 2019 年 8 月至 2019 年 8 月至 2019 年间招募的 600 名 0 至 15 岁经临床评估需要无创呼吸支持的急性病儿童,在英国 24 个儿科重症监护病房进行了务实、多中心、随机的非劣效性临床试验2021 年 11 月,最后一次随访于 2022 年 3 月完成。这项研究命名为FIRST-ABC Step-Up研究。

干预 患者以 1:1 的比例随机分配,以根据患者体重 (n = 301) 或 7 至 8 cm H2O (n = 299) 的流速开始 HFNC。

主要结果和测量 主要结果是从随机化到脱离呼吸支持的时间,定义为 48 小时期间参与者没有任何形式的呼吸支持(侵入性或非侵入性)的开始,根据非劣效性边界进行评估调整后的风险比为 0.75。评估了七项次要结局,包括重症监护病房出院时的死亡率、48 小时内插管和镇静剂的使用。

结果显示,在 600 名随机分组的儿童中,有 5 名(HFNC:1;CPAP:4)未获得同意,22 名(HFNC:5;CPAP:17)未开始呼吸支持; 573 名儿童(HFNC:295;CPAP:278)被纳入主要分析(中位年龄,9 个月;226 名女孩 [39%])。 HFNC 组的中位撤离时间为 52.9 小时(95% CI,46.0-60.9 小时),而 CPAP 组为 47.9 小时(95% CI,40.5-55.7 小时)(绝对差异,5.0 小时 [95% CI – 10.1 至 17.4 小时];调整后的风险比为 1.03 [1 侧 97.5% CI,0.86-∞]),符合非劣效性标准。

在预先设定的 7 项次要结局中,HFNC 组中有 3 项显着降低:使用镇静剂(27.7% 对 37%;调整优势比,0.59 [95% CI,0.39-0.88]);重症监护的平均住院时间(5 天 vs 7.4 天;调整后的平均差,-3 天 [95% CI,-5.1 至 -1 天]);和平均急性住院时间(13.8 天 vs 19.5 天;调整后的平均差,-7.6 天 [95% CI,-13.2 至 -1.9 天])。最常见的不良事件是鼻外伤(HFNC:6/295 [2.0%];CPAP:18/278 [6.5%])。

这项研究表明,在儿科重症监护病房临床评估需要无创呼吸支持的急性病儿童中,HFNC 与 CPAP 相比,在从呼吸支持中撤离出来的时间方面符合非劣效性标准。

梅斯医学发现,在今年4月份,JAMA是同样发表另一篇IRST-ABC Step-Down研究文章。

为了评估与持续气道正压通气(CPAP)相比,高流量鼻导管(HFNC)作为拔管后无创呼吸支持的一线模式,及时脱离呼吸支持的非劣效性,研究组在英国的22个儿科重症监护病房进行了一项务实、多中心、随机、非劣效性试验。

2019年8月8日至2020年5月18日,研究组招募了600名经临床评估需要在拔管72小时内进行无创呼吸支持的0至15岁儿童,最后一次随访于2020年11月22日完成。将患者以1:1的比例随机分组,分别根据患者体重接受HFNC(299名)或7-8cm水的CPAP(301名)。

主要结局是从随机分组到从脱离呼吸支持的时间,定义为48小时周期起始,且在此期间患儿没有任何形式的呼吸支持(有创或无创),校正后的危险比(HR)非劣效性范围为0.75。有6个次要结局,包括第180天的死亡率和48小时内再次插管。

在600名随机分组的患儿中,553名患儿(HFNC组281名;CPAP组272名)被纳入主要分析(中位年龄3个月;241名[44%]为女孩)。HFNC组的中位脱机时间为50.5小时,CPAP组为42.9小时,校正后的HR为0.83,未能达到非劣效性。在预先指定的亚组中也观察到类似的结果。

在6项预先确定的次要结局中,5项无显著差异,包括48小时内再次插管率(HFNC组为13.3%,CPAP组为11.5%)。HFNC组在第180天的死亡率为5.6%,显著高于CPAP组的2.4%,校正后的优势比为3.07。最常见的不良事件是腹胀(HFNC组2.8% vs CPAP组2.6%)和鼻/面部创伤(HFNC组5.0% vs CPAP组5.5%)。

研究结果表明,对于拔管后需要无创呼吸支持的危重患儿,HFNC与拔管后CPAP相比,未能满足及时脱离呼吸支持的非劣效性标准。

原始出处:

Ramnarayan P, Richards-Belle A, Drikite L, Saull M, Orzechowska I, Darnell R, Sadique Z, Lester J, Morris KP, Tume LN, Davis PJ, Peters MJ, Feltbower RG, Grieve R, Thomas K, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Rowan KM; FIRST-ABC Step-Up RCT Investigators and the Paediatric Critical Care Society Study Group.Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy vs Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Liberation From Respiratory Support in Acutely Ill Children Admitted to Pediatric Critical Care Units: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA 2022 Jun 16. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.9615

Ramnarayan P, Richards-Belle A, Drikite L, Saull M, Orzechowska I, Darnell R, Sadique Z, Lester J, Morris KP, Tume LN, Davis PJ, Peters MJ, Feltbower RG, Grieve R, Thomas K, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Rowan KM; FIRST-ABC Step-Down RCT Investigators and the Paediatric Critical Care Society Study Group.Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy vs Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Following Extubation on Liberation From Respiratory Support in Critically Ill Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA . 2022 Apr 26;327(16):1555-1565. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.3367

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    2022-06-29 bioon6
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    2022-06-28 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2070309, encodeId=251a20e0309da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a27631888f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#正压通气#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63188, encryptionId=9a27631888f, topicName=正压通气)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afa4194, createdName=cenghis, createdTime=Thu May 11 04:33:38 CST 2023, time=2023-05-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1948206, encodeId=9e5e194820619, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ca7856346b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#持续气道正压通气#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56346, encryptionId=ca7856346b7, topicName=持续气道正压通气)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Dec 18 16:33:38 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1551229, encodeId=0a6b1551229ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e2c1e230796' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#监护#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72307, encryptionId=e2c1e230796, topicName=监护)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=477814173963, createdName=bioon6, createdTime=Wed Jun 29 05:33:38 CST 2022, time=2022-06-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1229162, encodeId=6402122916288, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Tue Jun 28 14:48:07 CST 2022, time=2022-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243587, encodeId=d60b124358eda, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 17:33:38 CST 2022, time=2022-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-27 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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