Lancet Global Health:社会经济因素与心血管疾病风险

2019-04-25 MedSci MedSci原创

虽然在低收入和中等收入国家受教育程度较低的人心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率较高,但医疗保健水平较低才是导致这一现象的根本原因。应在全球范围内减少这一不平等现象,特别是对受教育程度较低的人而言

社会经济地位对血管疾病发病率和结果(包括死亡率)存在一定相关性,近日研究探讨了教育与家庭财富、血管疾病和死亡率之间的关系,以检验社会经济地位对心血管疾病风险因素的影响。

在这项大规模的前瞻性队列研究中,从20个国家的367个城市社区和302个农村社区招募了年龄在35岁至70岁的成年人。研究人员在两份问卷中收集了有关家庭背景数据,在第三份问卷中收集了有关心血管危险因素的数据,并辅以身体检查。我们用教育和家庭财富指数来评估社会经济状况。教育被归类为没有或仅小学教育、中学教育或高等教育。家庭财富是根据资产所有权和住房特征的确定的指数。主要结果是主要的心血管疾病(心血管死亡、中风、心肌梗塞和心力衰竭的综合疾病)、心血管死亡和所有原因的死亡。

154169人参与研究,分别来自5个低收入、11个中等收入和4个高收入国家,平均随访7.5年。在所研究的各类国家中,主要心血管事件在受教育程度较低的人群中更为常见,但在低收入国家则更为普遍。在对财富和其他因素进行调整后,高收入国家的HR(低教育水平与高教育水平)为1.23(95%CI:0.96-1.58),中等收入国家为1.59(95%CI:1.42-1.78),低收入国家为2.23(95%CI:1.79-2.77)(p <0.0001)。死亡率的结果相似,高收入国家的HR为1.50(95%CI:1.14-1.98),中等收入国家的HR为1.80(95%CI:1.58-2.06),低收入国家的HRs为2.76(95%CI:2.29-3.31)(P<0.0001)。相比之下,研究发现财富和这两种结果之间没有联系或联系很弱。不同教育群体之间的结果差异并不是由风险因素的差异来解释的,风险因素随着高收入国家教育水平的提高而降低,但随着低收入国家教育水平的提高而增加(P<0.0001)。医疗保健(如高血压糖尿病和II级预防管理)似乎在心血管疾病的不良后果中起着重要作用,在低收入国家,与受教育程度较高的人相比,受教育程度最低的人的医疗保健可能更差,然而,我们观察到中等收入国家基于教育水平的护理差异较小,而高收入国家则没有差异或差异更微小。

虽然在低收入和中等收入国家受教育程度较低的人心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率较高,但医疗保健水平较低才是导致这一现象的根本原因。应在全球范围内减少这一不平等现象,特别是对受教育程度较低的人而言。

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    2020-02-15 shizhenshan
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    2020-03-01 howi
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由此可见,在汇总的全球分析中,较高的体内循环和组织LA水平和可能的AA与较高的主要心血管事件风险相关。这些结果支持LA在CVD预防中的有利作用。

Circulation:哈佛研究称,用植物蛋白替代红肉,更有利于控制心血管危险因素

哈佛大学公共卫生学院和普渡大学联合发布的一项新研究表明,用健康的植物蛋白替代红肉的饮食更有利于控制心血管疾病的危险因素,不建议用鱼或低质碳水化合物替代红肉。这项研究是第一个对采用其他特定类型的食物替代红肉对健康的影响的随机对照试验的荟萃分析,这项研究发表在《循环》杂志上。

BMJ:应激相关疾病与心血管疾病风险

由此可见,应激相关疾病与多种类型的心血管疾病密切相关,与家族背景、身体/精神疾病史和精神病合并症无关。