N Engl J Med:单剂量Ad26.COV2.S疗效和安全性最终分析

2022-02-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

Ad26.COV2.S疫苗(Johnson&Johnson–Janssen)是一种重组、复制缺陷型人腺病毒26型(Ad26)载体编码的全长、膜结合型 SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白。

Ad26.COV2.S疫苗(Johnson&Johnson–Janssen)是一种重组、复制缺陷型人腺病毒26型(Ad26)载体编码的全长、膜结合型 SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白。在主要临床3期疗效分析中,Ad26.COV2.S疫苗对重度-危重冠状病毒疾病2019(Covid-19)、住院和死亡高度有效。

我们在多国、随机、安慰剂对照试验的双盲阶段进行了最终分析,其中成人以1:1的比例被分配接受单剂量Ad26.COV2.S(5 × 1010个病毒颗粒)或安慰剂。主要终点是符合方案人群中接种后至少14天和接种后至少28天开始的针对中重度关键Covid-19的疫苗有效性。还评估了安全性以及关键次要和探索性终点。

实验结果:

该分析的中位随访时间为4个月;8940例受试者至少随访6个月。在符合方案人群(39185名参与者)中,接种后至少14天,疫苗预防中重度关键Covid-19的有效性为56.3%(疫苗组484例,安慰剂组1067例);接种后至少28天,疫苗有效性为52.9%(疫苗组433例vs.安慰剂组883例)。(见表1)

在美国,主要针对参考菌株(B.1.D614G)和B.1.1.7(α)变体的有效性为69.7%(95%CI,60.7至76.9);

其他地方针对P.1(γ)、C.37(λ)和B.1.621(μ)变体的有效性降低。(见图3)

对Covid-19重症的疗效为74.6% (只有4例由B.1.617.2 [delta]变异引起的重症病例);对防止Covid-19导致医疗干预(包括住院)有效性为75.6%;对防止与covid -19相关的死亡有效性为82.8%,具有持续6个月或更长时间的保护作用。(见图4)

对任何严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)感染的疗效为41.7%。Ad26.COV2.S主要与轻度至中度不良事件相关,未发现新的安全性问题。

表1:疫苗或安慰剂接种后至少14天和至少28天发生的针对Covid-19的疫苗有效性(符合方案风险人群)

Figure 2:中重度-关键Covid-19的累积发生率和疫苗效力随时间的变化(符合方案人群)。

Figure 3:根据SARS-CoV-2谱系,疫苗对中重度-危重Covid-19的有效性(符合方案人群)。

Figure 4:重度-危重Covid-19的累积发生率和疫苗效力随时间的变化(符合方案人群)。

实验结论:

Ad26.COV2.S单剂量注射对中重度-危重Covid-19的保护率为52.9%。保护作用因变异而异;观察到对重度Covid-19、医疗干预和死亡的保护作用高于其他终点,并持续6个月或更长时间。这在需要大规模疫苗接种的地区或对两剂主要方案坚持程度较低的人群中可能是重要的。

 

原文链接:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35139271/

Final Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S

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    2022-03-20 spoonycyy
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    2022-12-21 haouestc
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