PPDO线联合A型肉毒毒素及透明质酸用于面部年轻化中的效果观察

2019-02-19 周伟平 李寅 张文安 中国医疗美容

目前,临床主要通过注射A型肉毒毒素和透明质酸减轻动态性皱纹,改善面部结构。聚对二氧环已酮(PPDO)线是在人体内可被完全分解,近几年广泛应用于微创面部年轻化治疗中,其对面部松弛的提拉效果已被临床证实。但目前临床缺乏PPDO联合A型肉毒毒素和透明质酸在面部年轻化中的应用研究,为此,本研究对84例面部年轻化的女性进行分组研究,报道如下。

目前,临床主要通过注射A型肉毒毒素和透明质酸减轻动态性皱纹,改善面部结构。聚对二氧环已酮(PPDO)线是在人体内可被完全分解,近几年广泛应用于微创面部年轻化治疗中,其对面部松弛的提拉效果已被临床证实。但目前临床缺乏PPDO联合A型肉毒毒素和透明质酸在面部年轻化中的应用研究,为此,本研究对84例面部年轻化的女性进行分组研究,报道如下。

研究资料

选取我院2016年2月至2018年4月需要面部年轻化女性84例为研究对象,以随机数字表法分组,观察组与对照组各42例。观察组:年龄36~58岁,平均(47.17±3.72)岁;口唇纹13例,颈纹15例,眉间纹7例,鱼尾纹7例;对照组:年龄36~60岁,平均(47.24±3.76)岁;口唇纹11例,颈纹14例,眉间纹9例,鱼尾纹8例,两组资料无明显差异(P>0.05)。

研究方法

手术设计:使用牙甲蓝标记患者耳前、发际线前进针点,同时标记PPDO线皮下走形投影。于患者耳前至口角埋置2根PPDO线,发际线前至鼻唇沟埋置4根PPDO线。于患者面部凹陷区域和静态皱纹处设计进针点,注射透明质酸。于面部动态皱纹区域,视肌肉范围及收缩强度设计进针点。

手术实施方法:首先埋PPDO线,然后注射透明质酸,最后注射A型肉毒毒素。①埋PPDO线:采用含1:20万肾上腺素的浓度为2%利多卡因于进针点和提拉固定点实施局麻,采用粗针头从进针点刺入,用左手拇指和食指将进针位置皮肤提起,穿刺针以30°夹角刺入皮肤至SMAS层,根据术前设计线在SMAS层走行达提拉位置,将PPDO线沿着导针方向推出至末端,穿出固定在软组织后,向上推拉下垂组织并缓慢退针,根据术前设计埋置完所有PPDO线后,适当对称提拉双侧面部皮肤软组织,检查露出线头,抚平提拉区皮肤后,在进针点和固定PPDO线头位置涂抹金霉素眼膏。②注射透明质酸:于两侧“苹果肌”和眶周下方用无菌针头于皱纹方向注射透明质酸,注射深度为真皮深面,注射剂量以将皱纹填平为宜,注射结束后,轻轻按摩注射区域使其平整,并进行冷敷。③注射A型肉毒毒素:1)眉间纹:于眉间中点设计1个注射点,每点注射2.5uA型肉毒毒素;2)鱼尾纹:两侧眼轮匝肌取2个对称点,每点注射2.5uA型肉毒毒素;3)口唇纹:于咬肌两侧分别设置2个对称点,每点注射2.5~5.0uA型肉毒毒素。4)颈纹:于颈阔肌两侧分别设计2个对称点,每点注射2.5~5.0uA型肉毒毒素。注射透明质酸和A型肉毒毒素时注意避开血管

对照组患者仅注射A型肉毒毒素和透明质酸,观察组在对照组基础上实施PPDO埋线。

研究结果

治疗效果

观察组总有效率92.86%,明显较对照组总有效率78.57%高(P<0.05),见表1。



面部评分

两组治疗前下颌缘形态、鼻唇沟形态、面部皱纹评分对比无明显差异(P>0.05),观察组治疗后以上评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05),见表2。



并发症
    
观察组并发症发生率19.05%,与对照组26.19%对比无明显差异(P>0.05),见表3。


典型案例

女,41例,因泪沟、鼻唇沟过伸,中面部组织下垂就诊,治疗前接受双侧泪沟、鼻唇沟检测,双侧泪沟、鼻唇沟形态评分2分。首先埋PPDO线,埋线位置在耳前至口角埋置2根,发际前至鼻唇沟埋置4根;在两侧“苹果肌”及眶周下方注射透明质酸,最后在眉间纹、口唇纹、鱼尾纹处注射A型肉毒毒素,治疗后可见患者泪沟、鼻唇沟变迁,下颌缘线条清晰,面部软组织下垂程度减轻,皮肤白皙,光泽度及弹性佳。



讨论分析
       
本研究结果提示,PPDO线联合A型肉毒毒素及透明质酸在面部年轻化中的效果较单纯使用A型肉毒素联合透明质酸更有效。原因是面部老化是从骨骼到皮下组织,最后到皮肤的综合性老化,采用综合性治疗更加科学、全面。对比两组面部评分,结果提示,观察组治疗后下颌缘形态、鼻唇沟形态、面部皱纹评分均低于对照组,提示PPDO线联合A型肉毒毒素及透明质酸填充效果更自然。原因是三者联合使用,可起到相互协同增强作用,治疗更有效、维持时间更久、面部形态更自然。PPDO线联合透明质酸可起到协同液态提拉作用,注射A型肉毒毒素可向下、向外提拉,PPDO则于A型肉毒毒素起到相反提拉作用,减轻PPDO线提拉的拮抗作用,提拉效果更持久,提拉效果更显著。
      
体会:操作过程中应当用手轻推松弛下颌部软组织,推动到获取满意、自然的下面不轮廓时,推动方向即为PPDO线皮下走行方向。操作过程中,需用18G针头刺破进针点皮肤,并用穿刺引导针以45°角沿原来的进针点进入SMAS层,并行水平潜行,在距离鼻唇沟1cm处停止,切忌超过鼻唇沟。相邻的PPDO先末端应当距离1cm为宜,且均匀分布在皮下。另外,在PPDO埋线提升操作中,用左手向上推拉松弛皮肤,右手缓慢拔出穿刺导针,轻拉留下PPDO线末端,方可充分拉近SMAS层,上体松弛下垂皮肤。

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699524, encodeId=3465169952440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3099310e1e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#A型肉毒毒素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3107, encryptionId=3099310e1e, topicName=A型肉毒毒素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=284b29947098, createdName=hjwang89, createdTime=Mon Mar 11 09:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2004142, encodeId=0cbd200414221, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3539983373' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#面部年轻化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99833, encryptionId=d3539983373, topicName=面部年轻化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Sat Jan 18 08:16:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1276726, encodeId=75c212e6726c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec9e9482383' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#透明质酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94823, encryptionId=ec9e9482383, topicName=透明质酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c77e138, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Thu Feb 21 10:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318540, encodeId=a32b1318540e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47ae808583c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肉毒毒素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80858, encryptionId=47ae808583c, topicName=肉毒毒素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c8f4467, createdName=AspirantSuo, createdTime=Thu Feb 21 10:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=361147, encodeId=9d4136114ee6, content=很有参考价值,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqDto46VMrZf4BL7NxjpUaPpDzV3W0gxsxRAlicufRSd5icFiaW1WnJ1N1n6gwMgvJAvCw2km0NMgTvA/132, createdBy=6fd92490267, createdName=24k铂金眼, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 22:24:49 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1046753, encodeId=e4681046e53b9, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Tue Feb 19 22:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699524, encodeId=3465169952440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3099310e1e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#A型肉毒毒素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3107, encryptionId=3099310e1e, topicName=A型肉毒毒素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=284b29947098, createdName=hjwang89, createdTime=Mon Mar 11 09:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2004142, encodeId=0cbd200414221, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3539983373' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#面部年轻化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=99833, encryptionId=d3539983373, topicName=面部年轻化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Sat Jan 18 08:16:00 CST 2020, time=2020-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1276726, encodeId=75c212e6726c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec9e9482383' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#透明质酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94823, encryptionId=ec9e9482383, topicName=透明质酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c77e138, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Thu Feb 21 10:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318540, encodeId=a32b1318540e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47ae808583c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肉毒毒素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80858, encryptionId=47ae808583c, topicName=肉毒毒素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c8f4467, createdName=AspirantSuo, createdTime=Thu Feb 21 10:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=361147, encodeId=9d4136114ee6, content=很有参考价值,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/DYAIOgq83eqDto46VMrZf4BL7NxjpUaPpDzV3W0gxsxRAlicufRSd5icFiaW1WnJ1N1n6gwMgvJAvCw2km0NMgTvA/132, createdBy=6fd92490267, createdName=24k铂金眼, createdTime=Wed Feb 20 22:24:49 CST 2019, time=2019-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1046753, encodeId=e4681046e53b9, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Tue Feb 19 22:16:00 CST 2019, time=2019-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-02-20 24k铂金眼

    很有参考价值,谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-02-19 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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