Gastroenterology:腺瘤切除后结直肠癌高风险评估

2020-03-17 网络 网络

研究认为,依据直径≥20 mm的腺瘤和高度异型增生这2个结直肠癌高风险新标准,在不增加腺瘤患者癌变风险的情况下,可大幅度减少需强化监测患者数量,避免过度诊疗

适度的结肠镜复查可降低结直肠癌和腺瘤切除后患者的死亡风险,近日研究人员开发了一种腺瘤切除后结直肠癌发病率和死亡率的风险分类系统。

2000-11年,研究人员在波兰132个中心对236089名患者(中位患者年龄,56岁;37.8%男性)进行了一项基于多中心人群队列研究,患者在接受了充分的肠道准备后接受结肠镜检查,受试者平均随访7.1年,收集有关结直肠癌发展和死亡的信息。研究人员使用递归划分和多变量Cox模型来确定结直肠癌风险、患者和腺瘤特征(直径、生长模式、异型增生程度和腺瘤数量)之间的关联,主要终点是结直肠癌发病率和结直肠癌死亡。

筛查发现,腺瘤切除个体中发现了130例结直肠癌(46.5/10万人-年),而无腺瘤个体中发现了309例(22.2/10万人-年)。与无腺瘤个体相比,直径≥20 mm的腺瘤和高度异型增生与结直肠癌风险增加相关(校正危险比分别为9.25和3.58)。与普通人群相比,只有直径≥20 mm的腺瘤(标准化发病率[SIR]2.07)或高度异型增生(SIR:0.79)的个体,结直肠癌的风险更高,而具有其他腺瘤特征的个体的风险较低(SIR:0.35)。研究人员根据腺瘤大小≥20 mm或高度异型增生制定了一个高风险分类(而不是目前的高风险分类标准:≥3个腺瘤、任何具有绒毛状生长模式、高度异型增生或直径≥10 mm腺瘤)。根据新标准,高风险和需要强化监测的人数从15242人(36.5%)减少到3980人(9.5%),但患者结直肠癌风险(每10万人年的风险差异:5.6%)无显著变化。

研究认为,依据直径≥20 mm的腺瘤和高度异型增生这2个结直肠癌高风险新标准,在不增加腺瘤患者癌变风险的情况下,可大幅度减少需强化监测患者数量,避免过度诊疗。

原始出处:

Paulina Wieszczy et al. Incidence and Mortality After Removal of Adenomas During Screening Colonoscopies.Gastroenterology. March 2020.

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    2020-06-22 许安
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