Biomed Res Int:母亲的肠道菌群会影响儿童特应性皮炎发病吗?

2022-05-16 医路坦克 MedSci原创

特应性皮炎(AD)是婴儿最常见的皮肤病之一。本文目标是调查母婴相关的早期微生物组标志物来预测婴儿的AD。我们调查了患有和不患有AD的婴儿的肠道微生物组成,并比较了他们母亲的肠道菌群。

特应性皮炎(AD)是婴儿最常见的皮肤病之一。儿童AD的发病率占儿科总人口的17-24%,45%的患儿在出生后6个月内发病,85%的患儿在5岁以后发病。然而,AD的潜在病理是异质性的,已知的原因是先天免疫反应和获得性免疫反应的模糊混合。

同时,以前的研究表明,肠道包含与人类健康和各种疾病相关的各种动态微生物生态。自从肠道微生物群在免疫系统早期发育中的作用被报道以来,它对包括AD在内的过敏性疾病的影响已经被探索。此外,生命的头12个月是胃肠道微生物定植的关键时期。因此,最近的研究表明,患有AD的婴儿和没有AD的婴儿的肠道微生物组存在差异。此外,肠道微生物区系与多敏性特应性和IgE相关性湿疹的时间关系已有报道。影响婴儿肠道微生物定植的各种因素,如分娩方式、喂养方式、断奶时间、规律饮食、益生菌消费和抗生素治疗。

此外,这些因素可能会影响婴儿AD的发展。母亲肠道微生物群的紊乱可能与婴儿免疫系统发育不良和AD风险较高有关。在目前的研究中,我们假设母亲肠道微生物组的特定状态可能与免疫系统的发育和婴儿患AD的风险有关。此外,婴儿AD的自然病程以早期发育为特征,从最初的6个月到12个月。

因此,我们的目标是调查母婴相关的早期微生物组标志物来预测婴儿的AD。我们调查了患有和不患有AD的婴儿的肠道微生物组成,并比较了他们母亲的肠道菌群。

方法:这项前瞻性和横断面研究参与了44对母亲和儿童。我们选择了通过足月正常阴道分娩出生的婴儿,在生命的前三个月内没有抗生素或益生菌的使用和感染病史。这15对婴儿包括9名健康婴儿和6名AD婴儿。母亲和婴儿的粪便样本分别在分娩后30天内和12个月时进行了分析。对母婴粪便标本中的微生物进行16S rRNA扩增序列分析。

结果。特定分类类群的丰度存在显著差异,但根据婴儿AD的存在,母亲组和婴儿组的微生物多样性和系统发育距离都没有显著差异。共有12个物种被选为AD婴儿与健康婴儿的差异物种。AD婴儿的母亲与健康婴儿的母亲相比,有6个物种存在显著差异。只有在健康的婴儿及其母亲中才能检测到粘液性阿克曼原虫。

结论:阴道分娩后母亲和儿童中粘液阿克曼原虫的存在与AD的发生和发展有关。

文献来源:Sung M,  Choi Y,  Park H,  Gut Microbiome Characteristics in Mothers and Infants According to the Presence of Atopic Dermatitis.Biomed Res Int 2022;2022

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    2023-01-12 sunylz
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    2022-05-10 智智灵药

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