PNAS:将人诱导性多能干细胞转化为产生睾酮的睾丸间质细胞

2019-10-15 佚名 细胞

在一项新的研究中,来自美国南加州大学和加拿大麦吉尔大学的研究人员在实验室中成功地制造出人体中产生睾酮的细胞,这就为有朝一日利用个性化的替代细胞治疗低睾酮患者铺平了道路。相关研究结果于2019年10月7日在线发表在PNAS期刊上,论文标题为“Directing differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells toward androge

在一项新的研究中,来自美国南加州大学和加拿大麦吉尔大学的研究人员在实验室中成功地制造出人体中产生睾酮的细胞,这就为有朝一日利用个性化的替代细胞治疗低睾酮患者铺平了道路。相关研究结果于2019年10月7日在线发表在PNAS期刊上,论文标题为“Directing differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells toward androgen-producing Leydig cells rather than adrenal cells”。在这篇论文中,他们描述了他们如何将干细胞转化为功能性睾丸间质细胞(Leydig cell)---睾丸中产生男性性激素的细胞。

论文通讯作者、南加州大学药学院院长Vassilios Papadopoulos说,“我们的研究可能提供了临床治疗所需的移植细胞,此外还提供了一条测试和开发新药的途径。”

数以百万计的男性具有较低的睾酮水平(即性腺功能减退),这会影响情绪、生育能力、性功能、肥胖和骨密度。睾酮替代疗法是一个价值数十亿美元的产业。睾酮会随着年龄的增长而自然减少,但也会因腮腺炎等病毒感染或者儿童时期的癌症治疗而突然减少。睾酮替换疗法---注射、口服或者以凝胶形式使用---可逆转其中的许多症状。

然而,对低睾酮的治疗与诸如不育、增加的前列腺癌和心血管疾病风险之类的副作用有关。此外,局部药物治疗可影响密切接触者,无意间让其他人接触这种药物。这些研究人员说,将实验室生长的产生睾酮的细胞移植(可能通过注射)到脂肪组织中,就有可能规避这些副作用。

先前制造睾丸间质细胞的尝试都失败了。Papadopoulos说,在之前的一项研究中,在实验室中制造出的细胞产生皮质醇,但不产生睾酮。其他实验涉及使用来自骨髓或脐带的干细胞,然而收集这些细胞的劳动强度更大,而且它们在实验室中的增殖也不太理想。

在这项新的研究中,Papadopoulos及其团队使用了称为人诱导性多能干细胞(hipsC)的干细胞,它们是通过对来自人体血液或皮肤的细胞进行重编程而产生的,可以分化为治疗时所需的任何类型的细胞。

凭着直觉,Papadopoulos在细胞培养液中添加人胶原蛋白,并且添加将hipsC转化为睾丸间质细胞所需的基因和其他营养成分。胶原蛋白是一种常见的生长基质成分。以前,Papadopoulos使用的是牛胶原蛋白或大鼠胶原蛋白,它们更便宜,而且至少在早期实验中可以与其他形式的胶原蛋白互换。

这次,实验室制造出的睾丸间质细胞产生了睾酮,而且这些细胞在显微镜下甚至看起来与天然存在的睾丸间质细胞相同。

他说,“这与我们所想的完全不同。我们尝试了不同的基因和化学物,但都没有成功。人胶原蛋白是秘方。”

接下来,Papadopoulos希望测试实验室制造出的睾丸间质细胞的功能,以及何时将它们移植到性腺功能减退症动物模型中。他还想要比较由来自患有和不患有性腺功能减退症的男性的皮肤细胞制造出的睾丸间质细胞,以更好地了解这种疾病。

他说,在人体中移植睾丸间质细胞至少需要“好几年”。

原始出处:
Li L1, Li Y1, Sottas C1, et al.Directing differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells toward androgen-producing Leydig cells rather than adrenal cells.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Oct 7. pii: 201908207. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1908207116. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2020-04-17 wgx306
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    2020-03-16 drwjr
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    2019-10-18 独孤立克

    干细胞是热点,但是进入临床仍然需要时间和临床疗效验证哦

    0

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    2019-10-17 zhangph