Circulation:经导管主动脉瓣耐久性对低危主动脉瓣狭窄患者预期寿命的影响

2020-06-11 xiangting MedSci原创

根据支持TAVR瓣膜耐久性的最新证据,对于年长的低危患者,耐久性不应该影响TAVR与SAVR的初始治疗决策。但是,对于年轻的低危患者,必须将瓣膜耐久性与其他的患者因素(例如预期寿命)进行权衡。

最近的临床试验结果表明,经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)并不劣于外科主动脉瓣置换术(SAVR),并且在死亡率、卒中和再入院方面优于SAVR。然而,经导管瓣膜耐久性的影响仍然不确定。

使用离散事件模拟(DES)对TAVR与SAVR耐久性的假设情况进行建模,其中TAVR失效时间有所不同,以确定TAVR瓣膜耐久性对低危患者队列预期寿命的影响,该患者队列类似于最近的试验。使用DES建模来权衡瓣膜耐久性未知(TAVR)的侵入性小的手术与瓣膜耐久性已知(SAVR)的侵入性大的手术。计算出标准差,并且差异>0.10则被认为具有临床意义。在基础病例分析中,假设需要再次手术的结构性瓣膜退化患者接受了瓣中瓣TAVR手术。进行敏感性分析确定TAVR瓣膜耐久性对较年轻患者预期寿命的影响(40、50和60岁)。

研究队列包括低手术风险的主动脉瓣狭窄患者,平均年龄为73.4±5.9岁。在基本情况下,TAVR与SAVR预期寿命的标准差<0.10,然而经导管瓣膜的失效时间比外科瓣膜短70%。当与外科瓣膜相比,经导管瓣膜失效时间<30%时,SAVR是首选。在年轻患者中,当40岁、50岁和60岁患者TAVR耐久性分别比外科瓣膜短30%、40%和50%时,预期寿命会缩短。

根据该仿真模型,TAVR瓣膜的耐久性必须比外科瓣膜短70%才会减少与最近试验具有相似人口学特征患者的预期寿命。但是,在年轻患者中,TAVR瓣膜耐久性的这一阈值明显更高。这些发现表明,根据支持TAVR瓣膜耐久性的最新证据,对于年长的低危患者,耐久性不应该影响TAVR与SAVR的初始治疗决策。但是,对于年轻的低危患者,必须将瓣膜耐久性与其他的患者因素(例如预期寿命)进行权衡。

原始出处:

Derrick Y. Tam. Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Durability on Life Expectancy in Low Risk Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis. Circulation. 04 June 2020.

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    2020-06-13 lsj631

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