Cell子刊:肠道细菌代谢物,竟然导致认知能力下降!

2022-08-18 转化医学网 转化医学网

研究小组发现,肠道中细菌产生的一种代谢物会促进神经细胞死亡,导致小鼠认知能力下降。

路易斯维尔大学布朗癌症中心等机构的研究小组发现,肠道中细菌产生的一种代谢物会促进神经细胞死亡,导致小鼠认知能力下降。该发现发表于《Cell Host & Microbe》上的论文“Gut bacterial isoamylamine promotes age-related cognitive dysfunction by promoting microglial cell death”中,该小组描述了他们对代谢物异戊胺的研究及其对认知能力下降的影响。

https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(22)00265-7

先前已有研究表明,肠道细菌和大脑健康之间有密切的联系。而该小组研究人员的发现是一种强有力的证明:肠道中的瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcaceae,主要生活在哺乳动物的瘤胃、大肠和盲肠中)产生的一种代谢物竟然能够对大脑产生影响!这就是异戊胺(Isoamylamine,IAA)。

首先,他们发现随着人们年龄的增长,肠道中的异戊胺也变得更多。于是,他们便对异戊胺与衰老的关系产生了兴趣。

其次,当发现异戊胺可以通过血脑屏障(阻止某些物质由血液进入脑组织)时,他们对异戊胺的兴趣大增。

他们发现异戊胺与小鼠衰老基因的一个启动子区域结合,使该基因得以表达,从而产生凋亡体,导致细胞死亡。

为进一步了解这种结合的具体情况,研究人员找来两批实验鼠(第一组:年轻的健康小鼠;第二组:老年小鼠)。先将异戊胺喂给年轻的健康小鼠,结果导致其丧失认知功能;随后又阻断了老年小鼠肠道中这种代谢物的产生,结果使其认知能力得到改善。

他们表示,人类肠道生物群中异戊胺的产生是否也会导致认知能力的下降,仍需要进一步的实验;若果真如此,阻断其产生是否会防止伴随人们成长和衰老的认知能力下降,则需更进一步的实验。

参考资料:

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-06-gut-bacterial-metabolite-neural-cell.html

http://www.guhejk.com/wordpress/?p=4354

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    2022-08-20 神经科医师-光鹏

    学习了~

    0

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    2022-08-18 医鸣惊人

    认真学习了

    0

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    2023-05-12 维他命
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