Mov Disord:神经丝轻链,可预测帕金森患者的认知减退

2021-09-21 Freeman MedSci原创

血浆NfL是PD的一个有用的预后生物标志物,可预测临床转化为轻度认知障碍或痴呆。

在整个神经退行性疾病中,生物标志物可以提高诊断的准确性,帮助预后,并为临床试验设计提供信息。尽管生物标志物被常规用于阿尔茨海默病(AD),但事实证明生物标志物的开发在帕金森病(PD)中更具挑战性。

与AD中的淀粉样蛋白-β和tau不同,没有放射性配体可用于检测帕金森病的标志性病理蛋白--α-ynuclein,而脑脊液(CSF)中的α-ynuclein水平在患者和对照组之间有重叠。

到目前为止,还没有特定的血液或CSF生物标志物被用于PD的临床诊断或管理

近年来,神经丝轻链蛋白(NfL)已成为多种神经退行性疾病中一个有前途的生物标志物。NfL是轴突细胞骨架的神经元特异性成分,在轴突损伤或死亡后可进入细胞外空间;NfL已在血浆、血清和CSF中被量化。虽然相对来说是非特异性的,但这些区间的NfL值可作为神经轴突损伤的候选生物标志物。

在特发性PD中,对NfL作为生物标志物的研究报道越来越多。例如,NfL可以区分PD和非典型帕金森综合征,如多系统萎缩(MSA)、进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)和皮质基质综合征(CBS),因为后者与轴突变性程度较高和NfL水平较高有关。

然而,很少有大规模的研究对血浆和脑脊液NfL进行纵向分析。

以前没有研究探讨过单一时间点的血浆NfL水平是否能预测纵向临床结果的问题。利用一个大型的单中心队列,宾夕法利亚大学的Whitley W. Aamodt等人,探究了:
血浆和CSF NfL的水平,
(1)是否相互关联并在不同的神经退行性疾病中存在差异;
(2)与CSF总tau(t-tau)和淀粉样β(Abeta42)的水平相关。
(3) 与帕金森病统一评分表第三部分(UPDRS-III)和马蒂斯痴呆评分表(DRS-2)在帕金森病中的分数横向相关
(4) 预测帕金森病的纵向运动和认知能力下降。

 

他们纳入了615名患有神经退行性疾病的参与者,包括152名PD和200名健康对照参与者,提供血浆和/或脑脊液(CSF)NfL样本。使用Kruskal-Wallis等级测试对诊断组进行比较。在帕金森病中,通过线性回归评估NfL与统一帕金森病评定量表第三部分(UPDRS-III)和马蒂斯痴呆评定量表(DRS-2)得分之间的横断面关联;使用线性混合效应模型和Cox回归进行纵向分析。

他们发想:血浆和脑脊液NfL水平有很大的相关性(Spearman r = 0.64, P < 0.001);NfL在神经认知障碍中最高。血浆NfL高的帕金森病患者更有可能发生意外认知障碍(HR 5.34,P = 0.005)。

总的来说,血浆NfL是PD的一个有用的预后生物标志物,可预测临床转化为轻度认知障碍或痴呆。


原文出处:
Aamodt WW, Waligorska T, Shen J, et al. Neurofilament Light Chain as a Biomarker for Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease. Mov Disord. Published online September 4, 2021:mds.28779. doi:10.1002/mds.28779

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帕金森病日来临之际,我们特别推出了帕金森病专题系列文章。无论你是初入此领域的新手,还是经验丰富的专家,这里都有你需要的知识和信息。点击立即阅读,共同提升帕金森病诊疗水平!

话题:帕金森病的真相你了解多少?

我们欢迎各位老师,学者们在下方评论区共同探讨帕金森病的各个方面,包括但不限于:帕金森病的介绍、早期症状、体征、预防等都可一起分享出来。

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