Nat Commun:肠道微生物代谢物短链脂肪酸改善癌症的过继免疫疗法

2021-07-04 xiaozeng MedSci原创

肠道微生物群目前已被证实能够直接影响特定癌症免疫疗法的疗效。

肠道微生物群目前已被证实能够直接影响特定癌症免疫疗法的疗效。既往研究显示,免疫检查点抑制(ICI)治疗和采用肿瘤特异性CD8+细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的过继细胞治疗会受到肠道微生物群组成的影响。

最新的研究表明,免疫细胞的活性可通过微生物分子进行调节。特定的共生细菌已被证实可合成能够增强ICI治疗功效的代谢物肌苷。而先前已鉴定乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐等SCFA(短链脂肪酸)类是主要的微生物代谢物。这些代谢物被证实可促进Treg细胞的扩增,且也可能改善效应T细胞的功能。

在该研究中,研究人员发现,SCFA戊酸和丁酸能够通过代谢和表观遗传重编程来增强CTL细胞和CAR-T细胞(嵌合抗原受体T细胞)的抗肿瘤活性。

微生物衍生的SCFAs促进CTL中效应细胞因子的产生

结果显示,采用戊酸和丁酸对CTL和CAR-T细胞进行体外处理可增加作为中枢细胞代谢传感器的mTOR的功能,并抑制I类组蛋白脱乙酰酶的活性。

进一步的研究显示,该重编程作用会导致CD25、IFN-γ和TNF-α等效应分子的增加,并显著增强黑色素瘤和胰腺癌小鼠模型中抗原特异性CTL和靶向ROR1的CAR-T细胞的抗肿瘤活性。研究人员也揭示了可用于增强细胞抗肿瘤免疫的相关微生物分子。

戊酸可增强CAR-T细胞的功能

总而言之,该研究将戊酸和丁酸鉴定为两种在癌症免疫治疗中具有治疗效果的SCFA代谢物。


原始出处:

Luu, M., Riester, Z., Baldrich, A. et al. Microbial short-chain fatty acids modulate CD8+ T cell responses and improve adoptive immunotherapy for cancer. Nat Commun 12, 4077 (01 July 2021).

 

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    2021-11-02 liye789132251
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    2021-07-21 liuli5079
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    2021-07-04 ms7000000160460314

    0

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