JAMA Netw Open:不同种族/民族心脏骤停发生率不同

2021-08-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

心脏骤停 (SCA) 是一种极为严重的危及生命健康的因心脏的电活动异常,导致有效脉搏和血压丧失的急症,表现为发病突然,病情紧急,进展极快,是医院外各种环境、家庭和医院内最需争分夺秒抢救的疾病。

心脏骤停 (SCA) 是一种极为严重的危及生命健康的因心脏的电活动异常,导致有效脉搏和血压丧失的急症,表现为发病突然,病情紧急,进展极快,是医院外各种环境、家庭和医院内最需争分夺秒抢救的疾病。

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心肺复苏(CPR)、自动体外除颤(AED)是抢救心脏骤停的关键技术。然而,尽管进行了抢救,仍有90%的死亡率,因此预测和预防SCA仍是当务之急。SCA 是由多种因素导致,包括种族、社会经济地位 (SES) 和个人基础疾病等。例如,美国黑人的SCA发病率比白人高 2 倍,且低 SES SCA 年发病率增加存在关联。西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口是美国最大、增长最快的种族/族裔少数群体,目前还没有前瞻性研究评估这一人群的 SCA 负担。

近日,发表在JAMA Netw Open杂志的一项研究,评估了不同种族/民族的SCA的发病率,临床特征以及生存结果。研究人员对201521日至2020131日加利福尼亚州居民中进行了为期5年的院外SCA前瞻性队列研究,包括所有可能由心脏原因引起的院外 SCA 和急救服务的人群。主要结果为按种族和民族划分的年龄调整的年度SCA发病率,以及按民族和性别分层的临床特征(心血管危险因素、合并症负担和心脏病史)。

结果发现,共有1624SCA患者,包括1059名男性,平均年龄为70.9岁,1022名(66.3%)为白人,381名(24.7%)为西班牙裔,86名(5.6%)为亚裔,31名(2.0%)为黑人,22名(1.4%)为其他种族/民族。

年龄调整后,10万居民中的SCA发病率在白人(37.595%CI35.2-39.9)、西班牙裔(37.695%CI33.7-41.5P = .97与白人相比)和黑人(48.095%CI30.8-65.2P = .18与白人相比)中相似,而在亚洲人群中较低(25.595%CI20.1-30.9P =.006与白人相比)。在亚裔(11.8%)、西班牙裔(13.9%)和非西班牙裔白人(13.0%)人群中,SCA后出院的存活率相似(P = .69)。

按种族和民族划分的年度心脏骤停发生率

与白人相比,西班牙裔和亚裔在SCA发生前更有可能患有高血压(白人,614[76.3%];西班牙裔,239[79.1%];亚裔,57[89.1%])、糖尿病(白人,287[35.7%];西班牙裔,178[58.9%];亚裔,37[57.8%])和慢性肾病(白人,231[29.0%];西班牙裔,123[40.7%];亚裔,33[51.6%]),而且西班牙裔人更可能有高脂血症(白人,380[47.2%];西班牙裔,165[54.6%])和中风史(白人,107[13.3%];西班牙裔,55[18.2%]),但有心房颤动史的可能性较小(白人,251[31.2%];西班牙裔,59[19.5%])。

综上,该研究结果表明,西班牙裔和白人的 SCA 负担相似,而亚洲人群的负担较低。亚洲和西班牙裔人群具有共同的 SCA 危险因素,这与白人人群不同。这些发现强调需要更好地了解 SCA 风险中种族/民族特定的差异。

原始出处

Kyndaron Reinier, PhD, MPH1Arayik Sargsyan, MPH1Harpriya S. Chugh, BS1et al.Evaluation of Sudden Cardiac Arrest by Race/Ethnicity Among Residents of Ventura County, California, 2015-2020.JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(7):e2118537. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.18537

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    2022-03-20 feather89
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    2022-04-29 canlab
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    2021-08-02 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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    2021-08-02 周其志

    学习学习

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