Sci Adv :邓红雨团队揭示疱疹病毒免疫逃逸及宿主天然免疫调节的分子机制

2020-11-25 Bio生物世界 Bio生物世界

疱疹病毒是一个古老的病毒家族,在进化过程中发展出多种策略,抑制宿主的天然免疫反应,以成功地感染细胞并建立持续的潜伏感染。

胞质核酸介导的天然免疫反应在抵抗病原体入侵过程中发挥至关重要的作用;其中,接头蛋白STING和MAVS的磷酸化修饰对激活I型干扰素反应是必需的。若天然免疫反应太弱,则宿主不能有效抵抗病原体的入侵;而天然免疫反应过强,则可能导致自身免疫疾病。那么STING和MAVS介导的信号通路是如何被精确调控的呢?病原体特别是病毒是否操纵这种调控过程,以逃逸或拮抗宿主天然免疫,有利于病毒自身的复制?这其中的分子机制是什么?

中国科学院生物物理研究所邓红雨课题组在Science Advances 发表了题为:PPM1G restricts innate immune signaling mediated by STING and MAVS and is hijacked by KSHV for immune evasion 的研究论文。

该研究鉴定出一个负调节STING和MAVS介导的天然免疫反应的宿主蛋白磷酸酶PPM1G,并解析了卡波西氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)利用间质蛋白ORF33挟持PPM1G进行免疫逃逸的分子机制。

疱疹病毒是一个古老的病毒家族,在进化过程中发展出多种策略,抑制宿主的天然免疫反应,以成功地感染细胞并建立持续的潜伏感染。间质蛋白作为疱疹病毒所特有的一类结构蛋白,除了在病毒复制晚期的组装释放阶段发挥功能,在病毒从头感染的早期还参与调节细胞的信号通路,特别是免疫逃逸过程。ORF33是在所有疱疹病毒中都保守的一个间质蛋白,邓红雨课题组之前的研究表明,ORF33在疱疹病毒颗粒组装过程中起关键作用,但其是否具有免疫逃逸功能尚不清楚。在该工作中,他们发现,与野生型病毒相比,ORF33缺失的KSHV病毒诱导细胞产生更多的IFNβ;ORF33可与STING和MAVS结合,抑制STING和MAVS对IRF3分子的招募。这些结果表明,ORF33通过影响接头蛋白STING和MAVS的功能来抑制宿主的天然免疫反应。

接下来的研究发现,细胞内表达ORF33能显着降低STING和MAVS的磷酸化水平。有意思的是,在体外磷酸酶实验中,只有从哺乳细胞中富集纯化的ORF33蛋白可以降低STING和MAVS的磷酸化水平,而原核细胞表达纯化的ORF33则不能。这提示,ORF33可能招募并利用宿主蛋白磷酸酶对STING和MAVS进行去磷酸化。通过免疫共沉淀-质谱联用,研究人员鉴定出与ORF33具有相互作用的宿主蛋白磷酸酶PPM1G。在体外磷酸酶实验中,原核表达纯化的PPM1G能直接对STING和MAVS进行去磷酸化;且ORF33能增强PPM1G与STING或MAVS的相互作用。这些结果表明,ORF33通过招募宿主蛋白磷酸酶PPM1G对STING和MAVS进行去磷酸化,从而抑制STING和MAVS的激活。

进一步,研究人员发现PPM1G能够抑制宿主的IFNβ反应;敲低和敲除PP1MG的表达增强了宿主对DNA及RNA病毒的防御能力。这些结果表明,PPM1G能够负调节宿主的抗病毒天然免疫反应。

综上所述,该工作首次发现蛋白磷酸酶PPM1G是负调节抗病毒天然免疫反应的宿主因子;此外,该工作揭示了疱疹病毒免疫逃逸的一种新策略,即间质蛋白ORF33招募宿主蛋白磷酸酶PPM1G 对STING和MAVS进行去磷酸化,从而抑制IFNβ的产生及宿主的抗病毒反应,有利于病毒的复制。

中国科学院生物物理研究所邓红雨研究员为本文通讯作者,邓红雨组余快博士为本文第一作者,助理研究员田华彬参与了此项研究。

原始出处:

Kuai Yu, Huabin Tian, Hongyu Deng.PPM1G restricts innate immune signaling mediated by STING and MAVS and is hijacked by KSHV for immune evasion.Sci Adv. 2020 Nov 20;6(47):eabd0276. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd0276. Print 2020 Nov.

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    2020-11-27 wincls
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    2020-11-26 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

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    2020-11-25 南北双向

    不错哦,有收获

    0

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    2020-11-25 ms6000001097233621

    大牛,厉害,点赞

    0

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