你以为采手指血很简单,其实也是门‘技术活’

2019-02-24 俞小慧 检验医学网

我们都知道,采血分为静脉采血、皮肤采血、真空采血。工作中运用最多的主要是前两种,采手指血就是属于皮肤采血,曾被称为毛细血管采血,是采集微动脉、微静脉和毛细血管的混合血,同时含有细胞间质和细胞内液。

这段时间在做门诊,在门诊上班无非就是每天给看病的人采手指血,做大小便。在我还没开始扎的时候有些小孩就已经哇哇大哭了,有些才几个月大的婴儿被扎后竟然如此淡定,好像不是他被扎了,还看的津津有味呢!还有些小孩很犟,哭鼻子,躺地上,蹬腿甩手能用的全用了!就是不肯扎,扎个手指真的有那么痛吗?还好我经过了几年的千锤百炼,这些我都应付的过来了。

今天跟往常一样做些同样的事,不过遇到特别的情况就是我竟然被一个来看病的中学生给夸了,说“你的技术好高超啊”。我听着有点懵,想着就采个血这么简单的操作没啥技术含量呀!我便问道“你很痛吗”?“不痛,这是我被扎手指第一次没有感觉到痛的!”我暗自窃喜,这也是我第一次被夸采血技术高超的,在每天简单的工作中也能找到一丝丝“成就感”。

作为工作了六年的“老员工”我就来说说采血需要注意的事项和自己的一些经验吧!

我们都知道,采血分为静脉采血、皮肤采血、真空采血。工作中运用最多的主要是前两种,采手指血就是属于皮肤采血,曾被称为毛细血管采血,是采集微动脉、微静脉和毛细血管的混合血,同时含有细胞间质和细胞内液。所以扎完手指后流出的第一滴血应擦去,以免造成组织液混入,影响结果的准确性。 有些病人会问可以扎中指吗?是可以,不过世界卫生组织推荐的是采集左手无名指指端内测血液,所以每次我也会尽量选取无名指进行采血,如果该手指有伤就选择其他手指进行采血,结果也不会有什么偏差。很多来做血常规的病人其实都很怕被扎,其实我自己都怕!因为扎下去的那一刻真的痛,那么怎样让痛觉减小到最低呢,让那些来检查血常规被采血的病人不那么害怕扎手指呢?

首先,扎手指的部位真的很重要,就是世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的无名指指端内测,因为手指部位神经末梢分布丰富,不同手指所受神经的支配不同,其疼痛阈值也不尽一致。其中无名指的尺侧由尺神经支配,桡侧则由正中神经支配。如果在无名指的指尖中部取血,会使尺神经和正中神经的神经末梢同时受到刺激,那样引起的疼痛感较强。而取无名指指尖的尺侧(也就是指端内测)取血,只会牵涉尺神经末梢,因影响范围较少,所以疼痛也较轻微。

其次,在采血前,一定先按摩需采血的手指指腹,天冷的时候,最好先让他们把手搓热,把需要采血的那根手指都按摩一下,使血流通畅,然后左手相对用力按好无名指指腹,右手拿好采血针,扎的时候一定是“快、准、狠”的扎下去,不要犹豫,不要紧张,更不用担心对方会痛。以前刚毕业上门诊工作那会,怕小孩痛,没下狠心,扎轻了,结果血流不畅,只好用力挤压,采血不够的话还得重新扎一次,用力挤压的话会影响结果的准确性,而重新再扎一次又得让对方痛一次,遇到不好讲的病人就更是麻烦。上班也会遇到手指的茧子特别厚的人来检查,这时候就更要“狠心”了,而且尽快选择茧子相对薄的地方了,不然的话恐怕得扎好几针才见血了。所以再一次强调,扎手指时一定要“快、准、狠”!

最后想说一点的是,遇到那些特别犟,害怕扎手指的小朋友,最好在采血前做好工作,让他们的情绪平稳下来。因为他们不肯扎,情绪很激动,手又在乱动,这时候采的血结果会有一定的偏差。

所以在门诊上班不仅需要技术,还需要有会哄小孩子的能力啊!

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    2019-11-22 tulenzi
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    2019-02-27 zt123

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    2019-02-26 zt123

    sjnsnsnnsnsnsnns

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    2019-02-25 zt123

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    2019-02-24 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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