Molecular Microbiology:揭示喹诺酮抗性蛋白介导的细菌耐药机制

2019-04-04 佚名 微生物研究所

细菌抗生素耐药性是预防传染病的重大威胁,通常是由质粒转移或基因突变引起的。当细菌暴露于抗生素环境中会通过提高细菌的突变率筛选出适应抗生素环境的基因突变,结果导致临床环境中耐药菌株的出现。质粒驱动抗生素抗性基因的水平转移,引发细菌耐药性的产生。此外,质粒和细菌染色体之间的相互作用会影响抗生素抗性的传播,了解这些过程背后的机制将提供细菌如何适应抗生素环境的见解,并有助于优化抗菌策略。

细菌抗生素耐药性是预防传染病的重大威胁,通常是由质粒转移或基因突变引起的。当细菌暴露于抗生素环境中会通过提高细菌的突变率筛选出适应抗生素环境的基因突变,结果导致临床环境中耐药菌株的出现。质粒驱动抗生素抗性基因的水平转移,引发细菌耐药性的产生。此外,质粒和细菌染色体之间的相互作用会影响抗生素抗性的传播,了解这些过程背后的机制将提供细菌如何适应抗生素环境的见解,并有助于优化抗菌策略。

喹诺酮类抗生素是完全人工合成的抗菌药物,由于其广谱高效的杀菌活性,成为临床上治疗细菌性感染的重要药物。长期以来,人们认为对喹诺酮类药物的抗性是由其靶基因(编码DNA促旋酶和DNA拓扑异构酶IV)的突变和/或细胞壁透性的变化引起的,而天然界不存在喹诺酮抗性基因。自1988年首次发现喹诺酮抗性蛋白(Quinolone resistant protein, Qnr)导致喹诺酮耐药性并促进抗性突变体的选择,目前已经发现上百种Qnr蛋白。但是质粒携带的喹诺酮抗性蛋白促进细菌产生喹诺酮抗性的机制尚不清楚。中国科学院微生物研究所米凯霞课题组研究人员通过Luria和Delbruck波动分析证明QnrB增加了大肠杆菌BW25113菌株和肺炎克雷伯菌KP48临床菌株中的突变率。此外,转录组学和全基因组测序分析显示QnrB在大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中会提高复制起点(oriC)附近的基因丰度。同时,Marker frequency analysis分析显示大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中复制起点与末端(oriC/ter)比率的增加,表明QnrB可以诱导DNA复制应激。细菌双杂交和体外pull-down实验显示QnrB与DNA复制起始因子DnaA相互作用。此外,微量热泳动(MST)和oriC解旋测定显示QnrB增加DnaA对单链oriC的亲和力,并促进DnaA-oriC开放复合物的形成,产生DNA复制应激,导致突变产生,包括喹诺酮抗性的突变。总之,研究结果表明,QnrB通过增加DNA突变率和提高抗生素暴露能力来产生细菌群体的异质性。研究结果以The plasmid-borne quinolone resistance protein QnrB, a novel DnaA-binding protein, increases the bacterial mutation rate by triggering DNA replication stress 为题发表在期刊Molecular Microbiology上。

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    2019-11-13 xjy02
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    2020-02-02 sunylz
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    2019-11-24 yige2012
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