Neurology:帕金森病患者额叶和后皮层区域的 WM 连接中断或提示 PD-MCI 的早期痴呆转化

2022-03-21 Naomi MedSci原创

已经提出几种临床和神经影像生物标志物来识别帕金森氏病(PD)患者,这些患者存在持续认知减退。研究表明,与额叶/执行功能障碍相关的额叶和后皮层区域的 WM 连接中断与 PD-MCI 的早期痴呆转化有关。

      认知障碍是帕金森病(PD)患者最常见的非运动症状之一。大约30%的患者在PD的早期阶段有轻度认知障碍(MCI)。MCI的存在通常意味着帕金森病患者未来痴呆的风险增加,需要临床医生进行密切的随访。然而,帕金森病的MCI病程具有很大的变异性。相当大比例的PD伴MCI(PD-MCI)患者不会进展为PD伴痴呆(PDD),甚至不会恢复到认知正常状态。在这方面,一些临床和神经影像生物标志物被提出用来识别持续认知能力下降的高危个体。

      之前的一项研究证明了皮质萎缩,特别是额叶区域的萎缩,可以作为PD-MCI中发生痴呆的神经影像预测因子,尽管尚未确定额叶萎缩还是后皮质萎缩与PDD转换的迫在眉睫的风险更相关。最近的研究发现,额叶/执行功能障碍对PDD的发展的贡献比其他认知领域的缺陷更大。考虑到在PD的发病机制中,α-突触核蛋白积聚引起的轴突损伤先于神经元丢失,弥散张量图像上的微结构白质(WM)改变可能是PD认知功能下降早期阶段的敏感神经成像生物标志物。

     近日,有研究人员采用了一个 5 年的时间窗口来确定患者在随访期间是否面临 PDD 转换的迫在眉睫的风险,并探索了与 PD-MCI 中早期痴呆转换相关的破坏的结构连接网络,试图探讨在新诊断的PD-MCI患者中,WM连接中断是否与PDD转换的风险相关,以及与额纹状体缺陷的临床相关性。

      对75例药物缺乏的PD-MCI患者在随访期间(>5年)进行系列认知评估,并进行神经影像分析。根据诊断后5年内是否转为痴呆,将患者分为PD合并痴呆(PDD)高危组(PDD-H,n=38)低危组(PDD-L,n=37)。基于图论的概念进行了基于度的统计分析,以确定与PDD-L组相比,PDD-H组中WM连接中断的子网络。

  • 在基线评估中,PDD-H组在额叶/执行、视觉记忆/视觉空间、注意/工作记忆/语言功能方面的认知表现低于PDD-L组。
  • 在基于度数的统计分析中,PDD-H组在额叶和后部皮质区域表现出更严重的WM连接中断,有8个中枢节点。
  • 识别的子网络内结构连通性的强度与额叶/执行功能领域的综合评分(γ=0.393)和5年内PDD转换的风险评分(γ=-0.480)相关。

      本研究表明,与额叶/执行功能障碍相关的额叶和后皮层区域的 WM 连接中断与 PD-MCI 的早期痴呆转化有关。

      这项研究提供了第二类证据,表明前额皮质和后皮质WM连接中断与PD-MCI的早期痴呆转化有关。

文献来源:Chung SJ, Kim YJ, Jung JH, et al. Association Between White Matter Connectivity and Early Dementia in Patients With Parkinson Disease [published online ahead of print, 2022 Feb 21]. Neurology. 2022;10.1212/WNL.0000000000200152. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000200152

 

 

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    2022-05-26 yinhl1978
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    2022-03-24 ms2000001386604039

    学习

    0

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    2022-03-23 hukaixun
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    2022-03-21 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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