JEADV:刮除术与冷冻手术治疗浅表性基底细胞癌的比较研究

2022-05-27 医路坦克 MedSci原创

基底细胞癌(BCC)是人类中最常见的肿瘤,本文研究比较刮除术和冷冻手术治疗sBCCs在一年后的总体临床清除率和伤口愈合时间方面的有效性。

基底细胞癌(BCC)是人类中最常见的肿瘤,发病率正在上升。关于发病率趋势的报告也证实了浅表BCC(sBCC)相对增加。大多数sBCC位于美容敏感区域之外,这改变了需要治疗的肿瘤的范围。

基底细胞癌的治疗方法很多。无论是否进行术中切缘评估,手术都被视为治疗的基础。然而,对于低风险的非面部基底细胞癌,破坏性治疗方法可能是很好的替代方法。对于sBCC,通常进行使用一个冻融循环的冷冻手术,并配合刮除和电干燥。

仅刮除术,即不与冷冻手术或电干燥术(下文称为“刮除术”)结合,是一种简单、快速且廉价的替代性破坏方法。它通常用于良性皮肤病变,但作为基底细胞癌的破坏性治疗方案尚未得到充分研究。目前尚无前瞻性随机对照试验对刮除术和冷冻手术治疗基底细胞癌进行比较,更不用说专门针对基底细胞癌的此类研究了。在瑞典,最常见的sBCCs冷冻手术方案包括一次冷冻-解冻循环,无需事先刮除。

本研究比较刮除术和冷冻手术治疗sBCCs在一年后的总体临床清除率和伤口愈合时间方面的有效性。

进行了单中心非劣效性临床试验。直径为5-20 mm的非面部sBCCs被随机分为冷冻手术组和刮除组。在随访时,根据3-6个月后残余肿瘤的存在和1年后的复发情况对治疗区域进行评估。此外,评估伤口愈合时间。

总共有97名患者的228个sBCCs被纳入分析。在3-6个月时,在任何治疗区域都没有看到残余肿瘤。一年后,刮除术和冷冻手术的临床清除率分别为95.7%和100%(P = 0.060)。然而,非劣效性分析是不确定的。刮除术的伤口愈合时间(四周)比冷冻手术(五周)短(P<0.0001)。总的来说,一年后患者的满意度很高。

两种治疗方法在一年后都显示出较高的临床清除率,而刮除术缩短了伤口愈合时间。

文献来源:Backman EJ,  Polesie S,  Berglund S,Curettage versus cryosurgery for superficial basal cell carcinoma: a prospective, randomised and controlled trial.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022 May 11

 

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