PICC堵管不要慌,尿激酶来帮忙!

2018-08-10 高彬鸿 中国护理管理

近日笔者科室一位老奶奶的PICC回血抽不出,轻推也无反应,笔者所在科室很少会遇到PICC,这可把我们难住了,马上咨询了PICC门诊,经过指导最终疏通,接下来与大家分享经验。

近日笔者科室一位老奶奶的PICC回血抽不出,轻推也无反应,笔者所在科室很少会遇到PICC,这可把我们难住了,马上咨询了PICC门诊,经过指导最终疏通,接下来与大家分享经验。

需要用到的物品:一个三通,两个20ml注射器,尿激酶,生理盐水。

用法(全堵管):用20ml生理盐水配置10万单位尿激酶(浓度为5000单位/ml),用20ml注射器抽取10ml配置好的尿激酶,正确连接三通,直端连接尿激酶,三通侧边连接一只空的20ml注射器。将三通转向空注射器端,一手固定注射器,另一手反复回抽注射器使之形成负压,将三通在负压状态下转向另一侧,同样的手法负压抽动针栓,反复进行此操作。








PICC半堵管处理方法:10万单位尿激酶用20ml生理盐水稀释(5000单位/ml),用20ml注射器抽1ml尿激酶注入导管内,半小时回抽,如未见回血则每隔1小时回抽一次,直至见回血,回抽出1ml以上的血液中含尿激酶),正确冲管及封管。

PICC堵管常见原因

1.血凝性堵管

由于输液压力的改变、冲管技术不当及冲管不充分等原因导致血凝性堵管。当感觉部分或者全部回抽或推注困难时,即提示血凝性堵管。也可通过造影检查来确认导管中是否有血栓形成。

2.机械性堵管

由于导管打折缠绕、移位至颈静脉或对侧头臂静脉、尖端未到达理想位置等原因导致机械性堵管。同样可以通过造影检查来确认导管的位置。

3.药物沉淀性堵管

由于输注两种或两种以上不相容的药物,管道有沉淀,输注脂肪乳、白蛋白,氨基酸等粘稠度高、分子颗粒大的会导致导管壁有液体残留,易造成堵管。

如何预防及处理

导管位置正确,每次更换敷贴时记录导管刻度,注意无菌操作,正确正压封管、脉冲式冲管。使用正确的冲管液、容量、注射器。机械性堵管时,可以通过改变体位、导管复位等方法来解决。血凝性堵管时,先尝试回抽(不可暴力,防止导管破裂),如回抽不可,可以使用文中的方法,但需要提前与家属沟通商定。

原始出处:


2.张丽娥.乳腺癌PICC置管化疗堵管的预防及处理.当代护士,2015.11.

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    2018-08-12 tomyang87
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    2018-08-12 zhs3884
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    2018-08-12 redcrab
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