Nature:转移性实体瘤的全癌全基因组分析

2019-10-26 海北 MedSci原创

最近,研究人员描述了迄今为止最大的转移性实体瘤基因组全癌研究。

如今,转移性癌症是癌症患者主要的死亡原因,并且与不良的治疗效果有关。我们还需要更好地了解晚期癌症的特征,以帮助适应个性化治疗,减少过度治疗并改善预后。

最近,研究人员描述了迄今为止最大的转移性实体瘤基因组全癌研究。该研究包括了分别对2520对肿瘤和正常组织进行全基因组测序的数据,并且在中值深度为106倍和38倍下进行了分析,调查了超过7,000万种体细胞变体。

转移性病变的特征性突变变化很大,具有反映原发性肿瘤类型的突变,并且全基因组重复事件发生率很高(56%)。单个转移灶相对均质,绝大多数(96%)驱动基因突变是克隆性的,高达80%的肿瘤抑制基因通过不同的突变机制双等位失活。

尽管转移性肿瘤基因组显示出与原发性肿瘤相似的突变态势和驱动基因,但研究人员此次的发现可能有助于鉴别个别患者对治疗或耐药性做出反应的特征。

因此,研究人员建立了一种方法,来审查临床关联性及其潜在的可操作性。对于62%的患者,该方法可用于将患者分层,以有针对性地进行临床治疗。这证明了全面基因组肿瘤图谱对癌症精密医学的重要性。


原始出处:

Peter Priestley et al. Pan-cancer whole-genome analyses of metastatic solid tumours. Nature, 2019; DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1689-y


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