Nature:李进团队揭示RNA编辑是常见炎症性疾病遗传风险的基础

2022-08-11 王聪 “生物世界”公众号

RNA编辑蛋白ADAR介导的腺苷-肌苷(A→I)RNA编辑是防止细胞自身双链RNA(dsRNA)引发先天免疫干扰素应答的重要转录后事件,因遗传因素引起的双链RNA编辑水平降低是导致炎症性疾病遗传风险。

人类基因组计划(HGP)成功绘制了人类基因组图谱,人类也由此获得了属于自己的“自然天书”。然而,在随后的20年时间里,关于这本“天书”的解读却十分不易,直到现在,我们对人类基因组的表达模式仍缺乏足够的认识。

如今,全基因组关联研究(GWAS)已经发现了数十万种与性状和疾病病因有关的风险变异,数量性状基因座(QTL)研究成功地将GWAS变异与其分子机制联系起来。然而,其他转录后过程,如RNA编辑,在很大程度上仍未被探索,尽管它们在健康和疾病中的重要功能日益得到重视。

近日,美国斯坦福大学遗传系李进(Jin Billy Li)教授团队(李钦为第一作者)在 Nature 上发表了题为:RNA editing underlies genetic risk of common inflammatory diseases(RNA编辑揭示了常见炎症性疾病的遗传风险)的研究论文【1】。

该研究表明,RNA编辑蛋白ADAR介导的腺苷-肌苷(A→I)RNA编辑是防止细胞自身双链RNA(dsRNA)引发先天免疫干扰素应答的重要转录后事件,因遗传因素引起的双链RNA编辑水平的降低,是导致炎症性疾病遗传风险升高的重要因素。

先天性免疫系统是人体抗击病毒感染的先锋队,其中MDA5是细胞内的dsRNA监测器,可以感应病毒dsRNA,进而产生抗病毒所需的干扰素。但事实上,MDA5也可以识别内源性dsRNA,并引发自身免疫疾病。

腺苷脱氨酶(ADAR)是一种催化dsRNA的腺苷(A)脱氨基产生肌苷(I)的RNA编辑酶。正常情况下,ADAR会编辑宿主自身的dsRNA,防止被MDA5识别,从而避免引起不必要的自免疫反应。

早在2015年,李进教授团队就在 Science 发表论文【2】,揭示了ADAR基因缺陷小鼠在胚胎期13.5天死亡,并表现出由干扰素免疫应答导致的多器官炎症反应。如果把MDA5基因同时敲除,这些小鼠就能存活。

在这项最新研究中,研究团队利用GTEx项目的数据研究了来自838人的49种人体组织的基因组和RNA序列,分析了RNA编辑模式在个体之间的变化,以确定与RNA编辑相关的顺式遗传变异,这些变异被称为编辑数量性状位点(edQTLs)。

研究团队共鉴定了30319个对RNA编辑水平有顺式调控作用的edQTLs,其中近1/3具有组织特异性。他们发现,这些edQTLs的效应强弱与预估的ADAR结合强度显着相关,这表明遗传变异可以通过影响ADAR结合强度来改变RNA编辑水平。此外,RNA二级结构和RNA基序的变化也会改变RNA编辑水平

ADAR编辑内源性dsRNA,避免引起自身免疫反应

为了评估edQTLs导致的RNA编辑水平变化在在常见遗传疾病和性状中的潜在作用,研究团队对多项GWAS研究的数据进行了联合分析。研究结果表明,这些edQTLs在自身免疫病(例如银屑病、风湿性关节炎和系统性红斑狼疮)的GWAS信号中显着富集。此外,在一些非自身免疫病但与免疫功能有紧密关联的疾病(例如冠心病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和帕金森综合症)中也出现了edQTLs的显着富集。

这表明,与RNA编辑水平下降相关的edQTLs在不同器官和组织间存在明显差异,尤其在免疫组织和免疫疾病关联组织中高度富集。

与RNA编辑水平下降相关的edQTLs在免疫组织和免疫疾病关联组织中高度富集

基于此,研究团队进一步对17种免疫相关疾病和edQTL展开了共定位分析,并鉴定到194种具有免疫原性dsRNA,其中178种(92%)位于外显子区域,特别是在UTR中。在194种免疫原性dsRNA中,至少有42种(22%)在至少两种疾病之间共享,这表明dsRNA的免疫原性可能是引起自身免疫疾病的重要因素。

免疫原性dsRNA大部分(92%)位于外显子区域

为了进一步在疾病组织中寻找证据,研究人员对数百个病人样本进行了等位基因特异性RNA编辑分析(ASED)。他们发现,dsRNA编辑水平降低和干扰素免疫应答水平升高呈现显着的正相关关系。

更有趣的是,人类转录组95%以上的RNA编辑位点位于反向重复序列,但研究团队惊讶地发现,194种免疫原性dsRNA约33%位于蛋白质编码区域。这也提出了一个与之前不同的观点,即在这些位点上,导致疾病风险并不是因为蛋白质功能的改变,而是dsRNA的形成导致了先天免疫系统的激活,编码蛋白质的功能甚至可能与这种疾病完全无关。

炎症性疾病的风险变异与附近dsRNA编辑水平降低和干扰素反应的诱导相关

总的来说,这项研究表明,由遗传变异导致的dsRNA编辑水平下降是引发自身免疫病和炎症性疾病的一个重要机制。这些常见遗传变异会在患者体内同时降低至少数百个免疫原性dsRNA的编辑水平,从而激发了由MDA5介导的干扰素免疫应答,最终引起慢性炎症反应。

遗传变异导致的dsRNA编辑水平下降引发自身免疫病

不仅如此,这一发现也为自身免疫病和炎症性疾病的筛查、诊断和治疗提供了新的思路,提示在疾病相关组织和细胞中抑制MDA5的异常激活可能是一个极具潜力的新靶点。

原始出处:

Li, Q., Gloudemans, M.J., Geisinger, J.M. et al. RNA editing underlies genetic risk of common inflammatory diseases. Nature (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05052-x.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885946, encodeId=d5df18859464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 19:36:47 CST 2023, time=2023-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799499, encodeId=7fb51e99499f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d8ae0735a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病遗传#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70735, encryptionId=1d8ae0735a3, topicName=疾病遗传)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 08:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736836, encodeId=4f301e368364e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56bf6e024d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67024, encryptionId=56bf6e024d4, topicName=炎症性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9d7334182962, createdName=ms9651749636653578, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 06:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361974, encodeId=bbda13619e442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=651f9521535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#遗传风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95215, encryptionId=651f9521535, topicName=遗传风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1547579, encodeId=8528154e5798d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ef26e01766' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67017, encryptionId=4ef26e01766, topicName=炎症性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=09e813968720, createdName=12498dd9m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2023-03-22 智智灵药
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885946, encodeId=d5df18859464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 19:36:47 CST 2023, time=2023-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799499, encodeId=7fb51e99499f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d8ae0735a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病遗传#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70735, encryptionId=1d8ae0735a3, topicName=疾病遗传)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 08:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736836, encodeId=4f301e368364e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56bf6e024d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67024, encryptionId=56bf6e024d4, topicName=炎症性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9d7334182962, createdName=ms9651749636653578, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 06:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361974, encodeId=bbda13619e442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=651f9521535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#遗传风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95215, encryptionId=651f9521535, topicName=遗传风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1547579, encodeId=8528154e5798d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ef26e01766' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67017, encryptionId=4ef26e01766, topicName=炎症性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=09e813968720, createdName=12498dd9m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885946, encodeId=d5df18859464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 19:36:47 CST 2023, time=2023-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799499, encodeId=7fb51e99499f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d8ae0735a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病遗传#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70735, encryptionId=1d8ae0735a3, topicName=疾病遗传)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 08:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736836, encodeId=4f301e368364e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56bf6e024d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67024, encryptionId=56bf6e024d4, topicName=炎症性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9d7334182962, createdName=ms9651749636653578, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 06:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361974, encodeId=bbda13619e442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=651f9521535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#遗传风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95215, encryptionId=651f9521535, topicName=遗传风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1547579, encodeId=8528154e5798d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ef26e01766' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67017, encryptionId=4ef26e01766, topicName=炎症性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=09e813968720, createdName=12498dd9m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885946, encodeId=d5df18859464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 19:36:47 CST 2023, time=2023-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799499, encodeId=7fb51e99499f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d8ae0735a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病遗传#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70735, encryptionId=1d8ae0735a3, topicName=疾病遗传)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 08:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736836, encodeId=4f301e368364e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56bf6e024d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67024, encryptionId=56bf6e024d4, topicName=炎症性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9d7334182962, createdName=ms9651749636653578, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 06:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361974, encodeId=bbda13619e442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=651f9521535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#遗传风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95215, encryptionId=651f9521535, topicName=遗传风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1547579, encodeId=8528154e5798d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ef26e01766' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67017, encryptionId=4ef26e01766, topicName=炎症性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=09e813968720, createdName=12498dd9m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885946, encodeId=d5df18859464e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed Mar 22 19:36:47 CST 2023, time=2023-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799499, encodeId=7fb51e99499f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1d8ae0735a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病遗传#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70735, encryptionId=1d8ae0735a3, topicName=疾病遗传)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Wed Aug 17 08:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1736836, encodeId=4f301e368364e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56bf6e024d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67024, encryptionId=56bf6e024d4, topicName=炎症性疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9d7334182962, createdName=ms9651749636653578, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 06:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361974, encodeId=bbda13619e442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=651f9521535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#遗传风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95215, encryptionId=651f9521535, topicName=遗传风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=docwu2019, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1547579, encodeId=8528154e5798d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ef26e01766' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67017, encryptionId=4ef26e01766, topicName=炎症性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=09e813968720, createdName=12498dd9m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Aug 13 05:36:47 CST 2022, time=2022-08-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Diabetes Care:动脉僵硬、遗传风险与2型糖尿病

ASI与T2D风险升高之间呈剂量反应关联,而PP和T2D呈非线性J型关联。此外,ASI与T2D之间的关联因对T2D较高的遗传易感性而部分加强。

Gastroenterology:炎性肠病中血栓栓塞性疾病的发生率以及遗传风险对其的影响

炎症性肠病(IBDs)主要包括克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC),它是一组胃肠道相关的慢性复发性炎症。

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING:右侧前海马形变与物质使用障碍遗传风险有关

FH+青少年右前海马体内向变形可能与FH+后代行为失调导致SUD的风险增加有关

Hypertension: 遗传因素预测高血压发病与心血管风险

遗传信息可以提高对高血压风险的预测能力

Neurology:阿尔茨海默病多基因风险评分与脑淀粉样蛋白沉积的关系

脑淀粉样沉积是阿尔茨海默病(AD)的主要危险因素。依赖于AD遗传风险因素(不包括APOE)的PRSS可以改善脑淀粉样蛋白的风险预测,允许对认知正常的AD风险个体进行分层,而不依赖于他们的APOE状态。

Nat Commun:系统性红斑狼疮遗传风险突变体的等位基因增强子活性研究

系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种自身免疫性疾病,其可以影响多个器官并最终导致衰弱性炎症反应和死亡。