Cell:科学家首次阐明心脏干细胞的再生能力

2013-08-19 koo bio360

日前,来自英国伦敦国王学院的研究人员首次阐明了一群存在于心脏中的干细胞的自然再生能力。这项新研究证实,这些细胞负责修复和再生了心脏病发作损伤的心肌组织。相关研究论文刊登在了近期出版的Cell杂志上。【原文下载】 研究表明如果除去这些干细胞,心脏将无法在损伤后得到修复。如果能够用心脏修复来替代这些心脏干细胞,就能够使心脏细胞、结构和功能得到完全恢复,让心脏恢复正常以规则的速率泵血。 并且如果移除

日前,来自英国伦敦国王学院的研究人员首次阐明了一群存在于心脏中的干细胞的自然再生能力。这项新研究证实,这些细胞负责修复和再生了心脏病发作损伤的心肌组织。相关研究论文刊登在了近期出版的Cell杂志上。【原文下载

研究表明如果除去这些干细胞,心脏将无法在损伤后得到修复。如果能够用心脏修复来替代这些心脏干细胞,就能够使心脏细胞、结构和功能得到完全恢复,让心脏恢复正常以规则的速率泵血。

并且如果移除再重新注入这些心脏干细胞,它们会自然地返回并修复受损心脏。这一研究发现有可能在未来促成微创治疗,甚至早期预防心脏衰竭。

在这项研究中,研究人员通过首次除去心力衰竭啮齿动物心脏中的心脏干细胞(cardiac stem cells , eCSCs)确定了这些细胞的作用。除去这些细胞阻止了心脏再生和恢复,证实了这些细胞能够响应心力衰竭修复心脏的固有再生能力。

当心脏无法充分将血泵至全身时,便会发生心力衰竭,在英国有超过75万人受累于这一疾病,导致患者呼吸困难,影响他们的日常活动。当前的治疗主要针对潜在的病因,例如通过改变生活方式和药物来治疗冠心病、心脏病发作和血压,在某些严重情况下采取手术治疗。这些治疗有时能够成功地预防或是延缓心力衰竭。但一旦发生心力衰竭,唯一的治疗方法只能是心脏移植。

通过揭示导致心脏干细胞回归并修复心脏损伤心肌的这一强有力归巢机制,新研究发现将促使开发出微创治疗,或预防措施来维持提高心脏自身干细胞的活性。

研究人员表示,在一个健康的心脏中,心脏干细胞的数量充足,足以修复心脏的心肌组织。而在受损心脏中,许多的心脏干细胞无法增殖或生成新的心肌组织。在这些情况下,通过在实验室培育这些细胞,并通过静脉给予这些细胞,有可能能够替代受损的心脏干细胞或是增加新细胞。

了解心脏干细胞的作用和潜能,有可能为开发出各种新方法来预防和治疗心力衰竭铺平道路。这些方法可维持或提高心脏干细胞活性,使得新的心脏细胞能够更新心脏中的心肌组织,提高衰老细胞或是损耗所损伤的细胞。

研究人员指出,由于心脏是它们的家,这些心脏干细胞自然会回到心脏,它们知道要去到那里。当前外科大手术操作主要涉及心肌内或是冠状动脉内注射。通过我们的研究证实了这一归巢机制,有可能促成通过静脉来注射心脏干细胞的微创治疗。

尽管这还只是早期的研究,但这项研究结果是非常有前景的。研究人员计划下一步将在2014年初启动临床试验,以评估心脏干细胞在预防和治疗人类心力衰竭中的效力。

原始出处:

Georgina M. Ellison, Carla Vicinanza, Andrew J. Smith, Iolanda Aquila, Angelo Leone, Cheryl D. Waring, Beverley J. Henning, Giuliano Giuseppe Stirparo, Roberto Papait, Marzia Scarfò, Valter Agosti, Giuseppe Viglietto, Gianluigi Condorelli, Ciro Indolfi, Sergio Ottolenghi, Daniele Torella, Bernardo Nadal-Ginard. Adult c-kitpos Cardiac Stem Cells Are Necessary and Sufficient for Functional Cardiac Regeneration and Repair. Cell, 15 August 2013; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.039 【原文下载

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