Lancet Psychiatry:50年的研究数据——精神分裂症患者教育程度正在改善!

2022-06-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

精神分裂症患者在教育程度方面持续面临不平等

教育程度与幸福程度和健康有关,但精神分裂症患者的教育水平低于非患者。一些有效的干预措施可以改善这种状况。然而,精神分裂症患者的教育差距的大小及其随时间的变化还不清楚。来自智利的学者旨在重建精神分裂症患者的受教育程度的轨迹,结果发表在Lancet Psychiatry杂志上。

研究人员开展了一项系统回顾和荟萃分析,包括所有报告精神分裂症患者(平均年龄≥18岁)并描述参与者教育年限的研究。排除了只包括其他精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的研究和没有说明参与者教育年限的研究。根据参与者的平均年龄和发表日期估计了他们的出生日期,并使用随机效应模型对这些数据进行了元分析,重点是教育程度、教育差距和随时间的变化。主要结果是受教育的年限。

从32593条最初的参考文献中,纳入了3321项研究,报告了318632名患者和138675名健康对照者(170941名女性和275821名男性)。患者的教育程度随着时间的推移而增加,这与对照组的情况相同。然而,高收入国家的精神分裂症患者比对照组少受19个月的教育(-1.59年),这相当于Cohen's d为-0.56,意味着与对照组相比,患者未完成12年的教育(即未完成中等教育)的几率为2.58。

这一差距在整个几十年中保持稳定;总教育年限在时间上的变化率并不明显(年变化:0.0047年)。对于低收入和中等收入国家的患者来说,教育差距明显小于高收入国家(小了0.72年),然而这一差距在逐年扩大,接近于高收入国家的差距(年变化:-0.024年)。

尽管在社会心理和药物治疗方面取得了进展,但在上个世纪,精神分裂症患者在教育程度方面持续面临不平等。缩小这种差距应该成为改善他们功能结果的优先事项。

 

参考文献:

The enduring gap in educational attainment in schizophrenia according to the past 50 years of published research: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    2023-04-19 howi
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    2022-06-23 younei

    lancet上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时

    0

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该研究通过全基因MR方法揭示了精神分裂症的免疫病理学,证明了普遍的低水平神经炎症可能在精神分裂症中起关键作用,可能导致大脑形态的显着纵向变化。

Psychol Med:一项精神分裂症和双相情感障碍从童年到诊断的环境危险因素的瑞典巢式病例对照研究

精神分裂症与双相情感障碍既有共同的又有独特的环境危险因素:SUD和ACE是这两种疾病的危险因素,而感染与BD和SCZ的城市性更密切相关。

Neuropsychopharmacology:前额PV神经元的激活可能是精神分裂症的工作记忆缺陷的关键

我们的研究表明,针对前额叶PV神经元可能是精神分裂症认知缺陷与抗精神病药物相结合的有希望的治疗干预措施。

Mol Psychiatry:双相情感障碍的关键亚型与双相情感障碍、精神分裂症和重度抑郁症的多基因倾向存在差异相关

本文的研究结果揭示了BD临床表现和病程异质性的遗传基础,最终为开发个性化的诊断和治疗方法提供了见解。