Psyarxiv:双语对人体大脑发育有影响吗?这篇研究揭晓答案!

2020-04-09 生物探索 生物探索

越来越多的研究表明,双语(或多语)成年人的皮层区域和皮层下灰质结构以及连接这些区域的白质束的结构与单语者不同。

越来越多的研究表明,双语(或多语)成年人的皮层区域和皮层下灰质结构以及连接这些区域的白质束的结构与单语者不同。神经科学领域的一项最新研究进一步探究了双语如何影响大脑从幼年到成年前期的结构变化,该研究由雷丁大学和乔治敦大学的研究人员们完成。

DOI:10.31234/osf.io/kjq6m

基于3-21岁参与者的MRI图像数据集,研究者整合得到1293名参与者的大脑灰物扫描图和1119名参与者的大脑白质指标扫描图,分析并寻找它们在发育过程中的变化,特别检查了41个皮层和皮层下脑区灰质的厚度、体积和表面积以及20个脑区的白质特征。

与双语相关的14个皮层区域

结果显示,在幼年期到青春期早期,双语者的大脑相比于单语者呈现更多的灰质,尤其是额叶和顶叶区域;而后在青春期中后期,双语者大脑的白质完整性也增加了,尤其是纤维连接额皮层和纹状体,表明双语者和单语者之间大脑结构的差异可能是一个发展基础。该发现不仅证实了先前关于双语大脑结构与单语大脑结构不同的说法,还表明,成年人身上的某些影响可能源于大脑的发展。

“下一步,我们将进一步探索双语对大脑,尤其是对衰老大脑的影响,”第一作者Pliatsikas说,“如果双语可以将大脑结构变得更高效,那么它是否有潜力改善衰老的大脑,这有待探索。”

原始出处:

Christos Pliatsikas et al. The effect of bilingualism on brain development from early childhood to young adulthood, psyarxiv (2020). DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/kjq6m.

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    2020-04-11 neurowu
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    2020-04-11 szhvet
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