Clinical Endocrinology:10年研究告诉你,甲状腺结节多久复查超声?癌变风险多大?

2022-04-23 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

建议在细胞学评估后,隔2年和5年进行超声检查,此后每4-5年进行一次。

甲状腺结节,传统上在颈部检查中被发现为可触及的肿块,是世界范围内常见的临床问题。此外,在普通人群中,未扪及的甲状腺结节(即直径<1厘米)的明显患病率最近有所增加,这可能是超声使用增加的结果。

即使90%以上的病变是良性的,发现这些病变对患者来说也是有压力的。细针穿刺细胞学(FNA)是评价甲状腺结节的金标准诊断程序,在区分甲状腺结节良恶性方面有95%的准确率。此外,FNA是安全、经济有效的,可以在门诊进行。

一些证据表明,大多数良性结节在5年的随访中没有表现出显著的大小增加。为了研究长期随访评估良性结节生长的频率和大小,来自意大利的学者开展了一项回顾性研究,回顾了2007年1月至2009年3月在该院接受超声引导下FNA的良性结节患者。

研究者共收集1248例接受甲状腺细FNA患者的数据,其中966例(77.4%)经病理细胞学检查后诊断为良性结节。在选取的966例患者中,有289例在随访期间丢失,这意味着分析的患者总数为677例(474名女性和203名男性),平均年龄为45.6(16-71)岁。

在长达120个月的随访期间,559/677例(82.7%)患者结节的大小保持稳定;42例(6.2%)患者自发性结节收缩,75例(11.1%)患者结节生长,其中83%的结节生长发生在最初5年。在75名患者复查FNA结果显示,3名(4%)患者病理细胞学检查报告为分化型甲状腺癌。

随访10年中甲状腺结节最大直径及体积随时间的变化

研究者对随访期间有无结节生长的患者在基线年龄、性别、TSH值、接受左旋甲状腺素治疗,单个结节、结节体积、结节最大直径、低回声和实行结节的因素进行多因素回归分析,这些因素都与结节是否生长无显著关系。

总之,大多数良性结节在监测期间保持稳定。基于该结果,研究人员建议在细胞学评估后,隔2年和5年进行超声检查,此后每4-5年进行一次。

 

参考文献:

Ultrasound of benign thyroid nodules: A 120 months follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2021 May;94(5):866-871. doi: 10.1111/cen.14408.

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    2022-04-23 ms5000001770749999

    科学家们:求求您们研究治疗甲状腺乳头状癌远转的治愈方法吧,不吸碘就没有什么方法了,只能观察,在观察中眼睁睁看着病情慢慢加重,却无能为力,这对患者和家属来说就是煎熬,请研究等同碘的治愈方法吧,发病的年轻人居多,请关注这部分人群吧,救救他们,别抛弃他们!媒体记者们,请多多关注这部分人吧,多报道一下,多多呼吁社会关注他们吧!救救他们吧!

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    2022-04-23 zll0628
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    2022-04-23 axin014

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J Clin Oncol:Selumetinib联合放射性碘治疗高风险的分化型甲状腺癌

放射性碘加用Selumetinib未能提高初始治疗失败风险高的分化型甲状腺癌患者的完全缓解率。

华东南病例对照研究:饮食中常见的高氯酸盐和碘如何影响我们的甲状腺?

Environ Health:高氯酸盐和碘对中国东南部甲状腺肿瘤和结节性甲状腺肿发病率的风险:一项病例对照研究

JCEM:甲状腺结节形状可预测甲状腺癌的风险

甲状腺结节越呈球形(长短比值接近1.0),其恶性风险越大。这与年龄、性别和结节大小无关。将结节的球形纳入风险分层系统可以改善个体化临床决策。

这种癌症「偏爱」年轻人

虽然发病率高,但我们国家的死亡率低于世界平均水平,所以暂时不必担心,也不必忧虑。即便得了甲状腺癌,你也可以继续健康工作五十年。

European Radiology:对于甲状腺癌患者来说,究竟哪些淋巴结有转移的风险呢?

超声(US)是甲状腺癌(DTC)患者术前评估颈部淋巴结(LN)转移的主要影像学手段。

European Radiology:当前基于超声的甲状腺恶性结节风险分层系统在滤泡性肿瘤中的表现

超声是评估恶性肿瘤风险和制定最佳管理策略的一线影像工具,并为治疗决策(手术切除、监测或不随访)提供依据。

拓展阅读

European Radiology:19岁以下患者的甲状腺结节该如何处理?基于TI-RADS的最新修改!

根据超声影像学特点,美国放射学会建立了甲状腺影像报告和数据系统 (ACR TI-RADS),为成年患者甲状腺结节的危险分层和管理提供了一个标准系统。

RET/PTC与THADA/IGF2BP3融合在甲状腺结节中的临床行为有差异,分子检测改善患者管理

研究纳入了因甲状腺结节接受手术,并且术前接受了分子检测,显示RET/PTC或THADA/IGF2BP3基因融合的患者。

ACR版TI-RADS甲状腺结节分类标准

ACR版TI-RADS甲状腺结节分类标准

甲状腺结节声像图特征

甲状腺结节声像图特征,点击立即查看。

高达68%的人有甲状腺结节!JAMA最新综述:哪类结节需要手术?

近日,《美国医学会杂志》(JAMA)发表重磅综述,总结了目前甲状腺癌发病风险因素、诊断依据和治疗的最新研究证据。

论文精选|体检大数据解析甲状腺结节与高尿酸血症的流行病学特征

本期,我们聚焦于“甲状腺结节和高尿酸血症”领域,为您精选了美年健康研究院发表的5篇文章。