Nat Med:Delta变异株对英国新发SARS-CoV-2感染的病毒载量和疫苗有效性的影响

2021-10-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种仍可减少新发感染,但对于B.1.617.2的峰值病毒载量和有效性有所降低。

鉴于B.1.617.2(Delta)变异株越来越占优势,BNT162b2和ChAdOx1疫苗针对新型严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染的有效性需要不断重新评估。

近日,顶级医学期刊Nature Medicine上发表了一篇研究文章,在这项研究中,研究人员通过对英国随机选择的家庭进行的大型社区调查来分析这些疫苗的有效性。

研究人员发现与B.1.1.7(Alpha)变异株相比,BNT162b2和ChAdOx1对有症状或高病毒载量感染(新聚合酶链反应(PCR)阳性病例)的有效性随着B.1.617.2变异株而降低(BNT162b2的绝对差异为10-13%,ChAdOx1的绝对差异为16%)。两次剂量的有效性至少与既往自然感染所提供的保护作用一样大。

BNT162b2和ChAdOx1在第二次给药后的免疫动力学显著不同,对新的PCR阳性病例的有效性更高,但BNT162b2对高病毒载量和有症状感染的保护作用下降更快。没有证据表明疫苗的有效性因给药间隔而异,但在既往感染和年轻个体接种疫苗的保护作用更高。对于B.1.617.2,两次疫苗接种后发生的感染与未接种疫苗的个体具有相似的峰值病毒载量。

由此可见,SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种仍可减少新发感染,但对于B.1.617.2的峰值病毒载量和有效性有所降低。

原始出处:

Koen B. Pouwels,et al.Effect of Delta variant on viral burden and vaccine effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 infections in the UK.Nature Medicine.2021.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01548-7

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    2021-10-16 小刀医生
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    2021-10-15 查查佳佳

    研究人员发现与B.1.1.7(Alpha)变异株相比,BNT162b2和ChAdOx1对有症状

    0

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