Nat Commun:发现具有再生能力的肝胆混合祖细胞,有望替代肝移植

2019-08-07 佚名 细胞

伦敦国王学院的研究人员利用单细胞RNA测序技术,发现了一种可以再生肝脏组织的细胞,可以在不需要移植的情况下治疗肝功能衰竭。在近日发表在《Nature Communications》杂志上的一篇论文中,科学家们发现了一种名为肝胆混合祖细胞(HHyP)的新型细胞,它是在我们的子宫早期发育过程中形成的。令人惊讶的是,HHyP在成人中也存在少量,这些细胞可以生长成成人肝脏的两种主要细胞类型(肝细胞和胆管细

伦敦国王学院的研究人员利用单细胞RNA测序技术,发现了一种可以再生肝脏组织的细胞,可以在不需要移植的情况下治疗肝功能衰竭。在近日发表在《Nature Communications》杂志上的一篇论文中,科学家们发现了一种名为肝胆混合祖细胞(HHyP)的新型细胞,它是在我们的子宫早期发育过程中形成的。令人惊讶的是,HHyP在成人中也存在少量,这些细胞可以生长成成人肝脏的两种主要细胞类型(肝细胞和胆管细胞),具有类似HHyPs干细胞的特性。

研究小组对HHyPs进行了检测,发现它们与小鼠干细胞相似,后者被发现可在严重损伤(如肝硬化)后迅速修复小鼠肝脏。

来自伦敦国王学院干细胞与再生医学中心的首席作者Tamir Rashid博士说:"我们第一次发现,具有真正干细胞特性的细胞很可能存在于人类肝脏中。这进而可以为治疗肝病提供广泛的再生医学应用,包括绕过肝脏移植需求的可能性。"

肝病是英国第五大杀手,也是导致过早死亡的第三大常见原因,而且病例数量还在继续上升。它可以由生活方式问题引起,如肥胖、病毒、酒精滥用,也可以由非生活方式问题引起,如自身免疫和基因介导的疾病。

肝病的症状包括黄疸、瘙痒、虚弱和疲倦的感觉,更严重的情况是肝硬化。目前治疗严重肝病的唯一方法是肝移植,这可能导致终生的并发症,对供体器官的需求也远远超过日益增长的需求。

"我们现在需要尽快解开将多能干细胞转化为HHyPs的秘密,这样我们就可以随意将这些细胞移植到病人身上。从长远来看,我们还将努力研究我们是否能够利用传统的药物重组体内的HHyPs,在不进行细胞或器官移植的情况下修复患病的肝脏," Rashid博士说。

原始出处:
Segal JM1, Kent D2, Wesche DJ3,4,  et al. Single cell analysis of human foetal liver captures the transcriptional profile of hepatobiliary hybrid progenitors. Nat Commun.2019.DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11266-x

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    2020-05-05 liuli5079
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