CCP丨类风湿关节炎早期诊断更佳手段

2022-09-02 检验之声 检验之声

为什么要早期诊断?类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的临床特征性表现主要有滑膜炎

为什么要早期诊断?

类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的临床特征性表现主要有滑膜炎和关节软骨破坏所致的关节肿胀、疼痛。滑膜炎反复发作,初期阶段可采用药物治疗,经治疗部分患者临床症状缓解。控制疾病进展、降低致残率的关键在于早期诊断及合理、及时的治疗。

目前常规的RA检测项目有哪些?

RA 的诊断主要依靠特征性的临床表现、实验室检查及影像学检查。常规实验室诊断指标主要包含:抗链球菌溶血素O(ASO)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和类风湿因子(RF)。

近年来,抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(CCP)在类风湿关节炎的诊断中具有较高的特异性,已成为类风湿关节炎诊断和治疗中一个非常有意义的检测指标。

CCP与RA的关系,你了解吗?

CCP是环状聚丝蛋白的多肽片段,其对RA有很好的敏感度和特异性,在RA的早期阶段就可出现阳性,具有很高的阳性预测值,同时可以用来预测RA的严重程度。

CCP测定对RA的诊断价值主要体现

丨CCP可作为早期RA诊断的最佳指标。

瓜氨酸化蛋白作为靶抗原参与RA的发病,与其对应的抗CCP抗体对RA的早期诊断较传统的RF具有更高的特异性。CCP对RA特异性高达96.0%以上。由于抗CCP具有敏感性高、特异性强、对RA患者早期诊断的特点,因此对把握临床2年内有效治疗时间窗具有重要的临床意义。

丨CCP与RA患者病情变化、关节破坏、预后转归有显著相关性。

RA患者关节滑膜和外周血淋巴细胞均可分泌抗CCP抗体,与骨关节的破坏程度相关。国内外文献均已报道CCP与疾病的严重程度特别是影像学的侵蚀性改变密切相关。因此可将CCP用于RA病情监测与预后评估。

丨联合检测CCP和RF

目前对RA的检测临床没有一个单一的检测项目可以兼顾敏感性和特异性。CCP和RF联合检测,可提高RA的诊断的敏感性和特异性,并可应用于RA的早期诊断及预后评估,有助于提高RF对早期RA患者的诊断。目前CCP和RF联合检测是临床广泛应用RA早期准确诊断、排除非RA引起的关节疾病相鉴别的良好指标,尤其是对临床症状不典型的早期RA患者意义更大。

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    2022-09-02 春江水暖

    学习下

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    2021-11-10 lmm397
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