Cell Stem Cell:人类自身干细胞作的血脑屏障芯片

2019-06-26 佚名 生物通

位于洛杉矶的Ben Gurion大学(BGU)和Cedars Sinai医学中心的研究人员首次复制了患者的血脑屏障(BBB),创造了用干细胞制作的人类BBB芯片,这是一项可用于开发个性化药物和研究大脑疾病的新技术。

位于洛杉矶的Ben Gurion大学(BGU)和Cedars Sinai医学中心的研究人员首次复制了患者的血脑屏障(BBB),创造了用干细胞制作的人类BBB芯片,这是一项可用于开发个性化药物和研究大脑疾病的新技术。


位于洛杉矶的Ben Gurion大学(BGU)和Cedars Sinai医学中心的研究人员首次复制了患者的血脑屏障(BBB),创造了用干细胞制作的人类BBB芯片,这是一项可用于开发个性化药物和研究大脑疾病的新技术。

研究发表在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志,由BGU再生医学部的Gad Vatine博士和干细胞研究中心、生理学和细胞生物学部以及洛杉矶Cedars-Sinai医学中心的Clive N.Svendsen博士合作完成。

血脑屏障阻止血液中的毒素和其他外来物质进入脑组织并造成损害。但它也会阻止治疗药物进入大脑。许多神经系统疾病,如多发性硬化症、癫痫症、阿尔茨海默病和亨廷顿氏病,共同影响了全世界数百万人,这些都与有缺陷的血脑屏障有关。

在这项研究中,研究人员对从个体身上采集的血细胞进行了基因改造,将其转化为干细胞(称为诱导多能干细胞),它们被用来制造构成血脑屏障的各种细胞。这些细胞被放置在一个大约有AA电池大小的微流控BBB器官芯片上,芯片内有许多微小的中空通道,里面排列着数万个活的人体细胞和组织。这种活的微工程环境再现了细胞在人体内(包括BBB)所经历的自然生理和机械力。

活细胞重建了功能性BBB,包括阻断某些药物的进入。值得注意的是,当这种血脑屏障源于罕见的先天性神经系统疾病Allan-Herndon-Dudley综合征患者和亨廷顿氏病患者的细胞时,芯片屏障的功能与疾病患者体内的功能相同。

“通过结合患者特异性干细胞和器官芯片技术,我们产生了一个人类BBB的个性化模型,”Vatine博士说。“来自多个个体的BBB芯片,能够帮助我们以更个性化的方式预测最适合的大脑疾病药物。这项研究为精确医学创造了巨大的可能性。”

这对癫痫或精神分裂症等神经疾病尤为重要,因为它们虽然有几款FDA批准的药物可供使用,但治疗选择仍主要基于直接的人体试验和犯错。

Vatine博士说:“通过将器官芯片技术与人类iPSC衍生组织相结合,我们已经创造了一个重现复杂BBB功能的神经血管单元,为遗传性神经疾病的建模提供平台,并促进药物筛选和个性化药物治疗。”

原始出处:Vatine GD, Barrile R, Workman MJ, et al. Human iPSC-Derived Blood-Brain Barrier Chips Enable Disease Modeling and Personalized Medicine Applications. Cell Stem Cell. 2019 Jun 6;24(6):995-1005.e6

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    2019-06-28 lixiaol
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    2019-06-27 百草

    666

    0

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有证据显示,根尖急性损伤更可能会导致囊肿的形成。近期,研究发现此类损伤中存在的细胞具有多潜能干细胞的特质,它能够影响囊肿的发展。然而,这还需要对根尖脓肿样本中的干细胞进行更加全面的表型研究。这篇研究的目的是为了分析根尖脓肿中间充质干细胞(MSC)标记物的免疫化学表达,并评估其在根尖急性和慢性损伤中的表达差异。