超声引导心尖径路经导管主动脉瓣置入术的麻醉管理1例

2019-12-11 王杨 钟河江 李洪 重庆医学

经导管主动脉瓣置入术(Transcatheter aorticvalve implantation,TAVI)由于创伤小,不需体外循环和开胸手术,目前是高风险严重主动脉瓣狭窄(Aortic stenosis,AS)患者的一种新型治疗方法。TAVI径路有多种,如经股动脉径路TAVI(Transfemoral TAVI,TF-TAVI)和经心尖径路TAVI(Transapical TAVI,TA-TA

经导管主动脉瓣置入术(Transcatheter aorticvalve implantation,TAVI)由于创伤小,不需体外循环和开胸手术,目前是高风险严重主动脉瓣狭窄(Aortic stenosis,AS)患者的一种新型治疗方法。TAVI径路有多种,如经股动脉径路TAVI(Transfemoral TAVI,TF-TAVI)和经心尖径路TAVI(Transapical TAVI,TA-TAVI)等,其中TA-TAVI由于手术径路直接简便,避免了外周血管损伤及减少了动脉斑块脱落的风险,常用于外周动脉直径小、严重钙化及扭曲的AS患者。由于TA-TAVI术中需进行左心室心尖穿刺置管等操作,完善的麻醉管理是手术成功的重要因素。现将本院首例TA-TAVI术的麻醉管理进行报道。
 
1.临床资料
  
患者,男,62岁,因“二尖瓣置换术后27年,再发心悸、气促10个月”入院。超声检查:二尖瓣置换术后;主动脉瓣钙化,轻度狭窄伴重度反流,反流面积7.3 cm2;主动脉瓣跨瓣压差41mmHg,主动脉瓣口流速277 cm/s,左心室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)43%。
 
心电图检查:窦性心率,完全性左束支传导阻滞,ST-T改变。术前行冠状动脉造影未见明显异常,胸腹主动脉CT血管造影提示外周动脉钙化斑块形成,伴管腔轻度狭窄。B型促尿钠排泄缩氨酸(Brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)503pg/mL,其余血生化等实验室检查未见明显异常。入院诊断:风湿性心脏病,二尖瓣置换术后,AS伴关闭不全,完全性左束支传导阻滞,外周动脉粥样硬化性斑块形成,心功能Ⅲ级。入院后采取吸氧、强心及利尿等对症支持治疗,拟在气管插管全身麻醉下行TATAVI术。
 
TA-TAVI术在手术室进行,术中备体外循环机。患者入室后常规监测心电图(ECG)、血氧饱和度(SpO2),放置体外除颤电极,采用变温毯进行保温。麻醉诱导前15min经静脉给予右美托咪定(负荷剂量1μg/kg,15min泵注完毕后以0.5μg·kg-1·h-1维持),1%利多卡因局部麻醉下行左侧桡动脉穿刺,监测有创动脉血压,同时应用FloTrac/Vigileo系统监测患者心排血量(Cardiac output,CO)及每搏量变异(Stroke volume variation,SVV)等。静脉注射咪达唑仑0.08mg/kg、依托咪酯0.2mg/kg及舒芬太尼0.4μg/kg进行麻醉诱导,静脉给予罗库溴铵1.2mg/kg后进行气管插管,以潮气量10mL/kg、呼吸频率13次/分,I:E=1:2及呼气末正压通气(Positiveend expiratory pressure,PEEP)=5 cm H2O 进行机械通气,并根据动脉血气分析结果调整呼吸参数。
 
气管插管后经食道置入食道超声探头,术中进行经食道超声心动图(Transesophageal echocardiography,TEE)监测,在鼻咽部放置测温探头用于体温监测。静脉泵注丙泊酚2~4mg·kg-1·h-1及瑞芬太尼0.05~0.10μg·kg-1·min-1,同时吸入七氟醚1%~2%维持麻醉,Narcotrend值于40~60。右颈内静脉穿刺,监测中心静脉压(Central venous pressure,CVP)与泵注血管活性药物,并置入5F血管鞘用于放置临时起搏器电极于右心室心尖部。
 
术中持续静脉输注利多卡因1mg·kg-1·h-1,维持血K+ 浓度5.0~5.5mmol/L。输注适量晶体液与胶体液维持CVP 8~12mmHg及SVV<13%。静脉输注去氧肾上腺素及去甲肾上腺素维持血流动力学稳定。放置临时起搏电极之前给予肝素1mg/kg,维持全血激活凝固时间(Activated clotting time of whole blood,ACT)≥300s。主动脉球囊扩张和置入人工主动脉瓣之前,应用临时起搏器进行快速心室起搏(Rapidventricular pacing,RVP),起搏心率180次/分。在RVP之前患者血压111/60(77)mmHg,RVP后出现血压短暂下降,最低时平均动脉压(Mean arterial pressure,MAP)为30mmHg,持续时间小于10s,静脉注射去氧肾上腺素50μg,瓣膜置入成功后停止RVP,血压恢复至99/59(72)mmHg。
 
当瓣膜完全释放后,行主动脉根部造影及TEE检查确认瓣膜位置满意,开启状态良好,无明显瓣周漏,主动脉瓣跨瓣压差8mmHg,主动脉瓣口流速138 cm/s。瓣膜置入后,适当加深麻醉,静脉持续泵注尼卡地平2~6μg·kg-1·min-1控制血压,维持收缩压90~110mmHg,鱼精蛋白1:1中和肝素。术中失血采用血液回收机进行自体血回输。关闭切口前,采用0.5%罗哌卡因于切口周围局部浸润和肋间神经阻滞进行术后镇痛。
 
手术结束后患者送入重症监护室(Intensive care unit,ICU)。手术历时180min,术中失血500mL,尿量300mL,回收血量332mL,输液量1 700mL。术中RVP共2次,主动脉瓣球囊扩张1次,持续时间10s,除置入人工主动脉瓣膜期间血压急剧下降外,患者血流动力学均较稳定。患者于术后3h拔除气管导管,术后48h下床活动,术后3d转出ICU。患者于术后5d出现阵发性房颤,采用胺碘酮治疗后缓解。术后7d拔除右心室临时起搏器电极,心脏超声检查提示人工主动脉瓣膜位置及功能正常,主动脉跨瓣压差14mmHg,主动脉瓣口流速188 cm/s,LVEF 53.4%。BNP244pg/mL,较术前有明显改善,患者于术后13d顺利出院,总住院22d。
 
2.讨论
  
TA-TAVI手术因操作过程中导管不经过外周动脉、主动脉弓、升主动脉及主动脉瓣,缩短了手术入路,为TAVI提供了一个更加稳定的平台,且TEE检查可获得精确的瓣膜图像,能减少术中造影剂用量。然而,TA-TAVI手术需要开胸与左心室心尖部穿刺,有不同程度的心肌损伤,伴发各种心律失常,出血风险高,容易引起心脏破裂及心包填塞等严重并发症。因此,TA-TAVI对患者配合度要求高,一般选择气管插管全身麻醉。虽然在TA-TAVI手术开展早期曾经采用双腔气管导管插管行单肺通气,但目前认为没有必要,而且单肺通气可能进一步恶化AS患者的心肺功能。
 
此外,由于该类患者心功能差,尽量选择对循环功能影响较小的麻醉药物,麻醉维持可使用短效麻醉药物,以期尽早拔除气管导管,减少机械通气相关并发症。术中监测除常规ECG、SpO2、体温及有创动脉血压监测外,监测CVP与SVV 可指导术中液体管理,改善患者预后。TA-TAVI术中进行TEE监测可帮助手术医师确认左心室心尖位置,确保操作过程中导丝或导管未缠绕二尖瓣,避免引起严重二尖瓣反流。
 
TEE监测还可评估术前及术后主动脉瓣膜情况,监测跨瓣压差,早期发现瓣周漏、冠状动脉开口是否堵塞、主动脉夹层及室壁运动异常等并发症,及时处理或更换手术方式。另外,需准备体外除颤电极,随时可启动的心肺转流或冠状动脉支架置入等。麻醉管理的核心是维持血流动力学稳定,根据手术进程对目标血压进行调控。AS患者通常左心室增厚,心肌收缩功能尚好,术中可使用适合剂量的去甲肾上腺素或去氧肾上腺素维持主动脉瓣跨瓣压差。对于心功能明显受损的患者,可使用小剂量的正性肌力药物如多巴酚丁胺、米力农等。
 
在进行左心室心尖部缝合与穿刺置管过程中,可使用利多卡因、右美托咪定等降低心脏应激性,同时应防止血压升高,避免增加出血及心肌撕裂的风险。主动脉瓣球囊扩张和置入人工主动脉瓣膜之前需要临时起搏,RVP可造成心室无效收缩,减少左心室射血,具有稳定膨胀的球囊和瓣膜支架的作用,可减少瓣膜移位的风险。通常采用右心室放置起搏电极或心脏表面缝置起搏导线进行起搏,起搏心率为160~220次/分,使收缩压小于70mmHg及脉压小于20mmHg。
 
RVP后,患者需立即恢复循环,保持血流动力学稳定,大多数学者建议在RVP之前维持MAP≥75mmHg,同时应限制起搏时间和次数,避免引起冠状动脉灌注不足,导致恶性心律失常等。在RVP期间,需及时处理急剧的血流动力学恶化,如正性肌力药物支持、心室起搏与除颤,甚至建立紧急体外循环等。本例患者进行了2次RVP,在球囊扩张后血压心律很快恢复正常,但在瓣膜置入过程中,出现短暂心跳暂停,血压急剧下降,快速给予去氧肾上腺素并加快输液,在瓣膜置入完成及停止起搏后,心律血压恢复正常。手术操作过程中应谨防相关并发症。
 
由于AS患者瓣膜钙化或其他原因,在球囊扩张及瓣膜置入过程中可能导致冠状动脉阻塞,出现低血压,甚至心搏骤停。因此,操作前对患者冠状动脉开口与主动脉瓣之间的距离、瓣膜钙化程度及瓣膜的置入位置的评估非常重要。同时,操作前后宜对冠状动脉进行造影,以排除冠状动脉阻塞。此外,如果瓣膜位置过低,可引起二尖瓣前瓣开放受限,导致医源性二尖瓣狭窄。瓣膜位置过高,则可能出现瓣膜无作用。另外,瓣膜型号选择也应适宜,如果型号过大可能引起左束支传导阻滞甚至心脏破裂,型号偏小或患者自身瓣膜钙化斑块可导致瓣膜释放不全,引发瓣周漏等并发症。因此,围术期TEE的评估非常重要,以评估瓣膜开放程度、二尖瓣有无受累及有无瓣周漏、心包填塞等并发症。
 
另外,TA-TAVI手术患者出血风险高。研究认为,经心尖径路、低体质量及冠状动脉疾病均是TAVI术后严重出血的独立危险因素。有学者认为,TATAVI手术患者通常是不适合进行TF-TAVI术,大多数患者合并如心肌梗死或外周动脉疾病,具有较高的Logistic EuroSCORE评分,而这些因素均可增加出血风险。
 
另外,在瓣膜置入前如果血压高可增加心室壁张力,将导致出血、左心室心尖穿刺部位撕裂、心肌夹层及假性动脉瘤形成的风险增加。操作过程中如果损伤了左前降支动脉末端可造成心尖部缺血,引发缝合处裂开。此外,人工主动脉瓣膜置入成功后,左心室流出道梗阻症状立刻缓解,主动脉瓣跨瓣压差明显降低,可能造成血压迅速升高,增加出血风险,易引起心包填塞,甚至发生心室破裂等风险,此时需要加深麻醉,酌情使用血管扩张药物如尼卡地平等。
 
文献报道,TA-TAVI术后心脏传导阻滞发生率为7.0%~13.6%,明显低于TF-TAVI,大多数心脏传导异常可发生于手术期间或手术后。然而,在TA-TAVI患者中房颤的发生率却明显高于TF-TAVI患者。
 
有报道发现,硬膜外镇痛可降低TATAVI患者术后房颤的发生率。本例患者在术后5d出现房颤,给予胺碘酮进行药物复律后心律转为窦性,术后未发生房室传导阻滞,于术后7d顺利拔除右心室临时起搏电极。术后管理的目标是完善的术后镇痛,减少机械通气时间并早期下床活动,减少术后并发症。
 
常规静脉自控镇痛可能会影响患者血流动力学稳定。硬膜外镇痛可能会因为术后抗凝治疗增加出血风险。切口周围局部浸润、肋间神经阻滞及椎旁神经阻滞均可有效减少患者术后疼痛不适。椎旁神经阻滞与胸段硬膜外阻滞相比,对血压影响较小,有用于右胸小切口瓣膜置换术术后镇痛的报道。还有研究者将0.2%罗哌卡因30mL与100μg可乐定行3个水平的椎旁神经阻滞用于TA-TAVI手术患者,可明显减少拔管时间。
 
总之,TA-TAVI手术麻醉管理的目标是维持围术期血流动力学稳定。根据手术进程进行多学科之间的密切配合,术中血流动力学的严密监测与管理均是TA-TAVI手术成功的关键,尤其是在RVP之前使用血管活性药物维持MAP≥75mmHg和瓣膜置入后防止血压升高以降低围术期并发症的发生。
 
原始出处:

王杨,钟河江,李洪,杨天德,肖颖彬,蹇朝.超声引导心尖径路经导管主动脉瓣置入术的麻醉管理1例[J].重庆医学,2019,48(01):178-180.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769344, encodeId=99eb1e69344a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beb9509e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心尖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50978, encryptionId=beb9509e872, topicName=心尖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a9138017074, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sun Jun 21 17:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766703, encodeId=d7161e66703a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc89e965910' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79659, encryptionId=fc89e965910, topicName=置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2bd637855499, createdName=小小小向日葵, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 20:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769822, encodeId=06261e69822ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Sat May 30 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813473, encodeId=b71518134e3c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332690, encodeId=69981332690ce, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415586, encodeId=c7f2141558652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510263, encodeId=d2a615102638d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e9bce8254ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78254, encryptionId=e9bce8254ef, topicName=经导管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=93e010191378, createdName=lsj631, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518213, encodeId=48d9151821391, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d627e8264e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管主动脉瓣置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78264, encryptionId=d627e8264e3, topicName=经导管主动脉瓣置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=03a611130255, createdName=wgsun, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-06-21 okhuali
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769344, encodeId=99eb1e69344a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beb9509e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心尖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50978, encryptionId=beb9509e872, topicName=心尖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a9138017074, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sun Jun 21 17:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766703, encodeId=d7161e66703a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc89e965910' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79659, encryptionId=fc89e965910, topicName=置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2bd637855499, createdName=小小小向日葵, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 20:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769822, encodeId=06261e69822ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Sat May 30 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813473, encodeId=b71518134e3c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332690, encodeId=69981332690ce, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415586, encodeId=c7f2141558652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510263, encodeId=d2a615102638d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e9bce8254ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78254, encryptionId=e9bce8254ef, topicName=经导管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=93e010191378, createdName=lsj631, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518213, encodeId=48d9151821391, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d627e8264e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管主动脉瓣置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78264, encryptionId=d627e8264e3, topicName=经导管主动脉瓣置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=03a611130255, createdName=wgsun, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769344, encodeId=99eb1e69344a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beb9509e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心尖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50978, encryptionId=beb9509e872, topicName=心尖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a9138017074, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sun Jun 21 17:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766703, encodeId=d7161e66703a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc89e965910' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79659, encryptionId=fc89e965910, topicName=置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2bd637855499, createdName=小小小向日葵, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 20:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769822, encodeId=06261e69822ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Sat May 30 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813473, encodeId=b71518134e3c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332690, encodeId=69981332690ce, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415586, encodeId=c7f2141558652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510263, encodeId=d2a615102638d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e9bce8254ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78254, encryptionId=e9bce8254ef, topicName=经导管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=93e010191378, createdName=lsj631, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518213, encodeId=48d9151821391, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d627e8264e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管主动脉瓣置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78264, encryptionId=d627e8264e3, topicName=经导管主动脉瓣置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=03a611130255, createdName=wgsun, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769344, encodeId=99eb1e69344a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=beb9509e872' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心尖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50978, encryptionId=beb9509e872, topicName=心尖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5a9138017074, createdName=okhuali, createdTime=Sun Jun 21 17:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1766703, encodeId=d7161e66703a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fc89e965910' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79659, encryptionId=fc89e965910, topicName=置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2bd637855499, createdName=小小小向日葵, createdTime=Sun Feb 16 20:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1769822, encodeId=06261e69822ed, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b3fc92e7516' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引导#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92775, encryptionId=b3fc92e7516, topicName=超声引导)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d66e38113145, createdName=guoyibin, createdTime=Sat May 30 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813473, encodeId=b71518134e3c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0ba692e7473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#超声引#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92774, encryptionId=0ba692e7473, topicName=超声引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb182500058, createdName=yuhaisheng_ibp_32061711, createdTime=Wed Jul 22 03:41:00 CST 2020, time=2020-07-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332690, encodeId=69981332690ce, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415586, encodeId=c7f2141558652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510263, encodeId=d2a615102638d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e9bce8254ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78254, encryptionId=e9bce8254ef, topicName=经导管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=93e010191378, createdName=lsj631, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1518213, encodeId=48d9151821391, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d627e8264e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#经导管主动脉瓣置入术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78264, encryptionId=d627e8264e3, topicName=经导管主动脉瓣置入术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=03a611130255, createdName=wgsun, createdTime=Fri Dec 13 07:41:00 CST 2019, time=2019-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-12-13 lsj631
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