Nat Commun:骨质疏松研究获重大突破!甚至实现骨量增加800%

2019-01-15 MedSci 中国生物技术网

骨质疏松症通常发生于老年患者,导致骨骼逐渐衰弱。随着时间推移,骨骼会变得疏松多孔,以至于即使是咳嗽或者打喷嚏这样的微小影响都会导致骨折。据去年中国疾控中心发布的数据显示,我国骨质疏松患者已达1.6亿。目前还没有方法能治愈骨质疏松症,当前的治疗手段主要是降低骨折风险,但是并无法阻止病情的发展。对于健康人来说,当骨骼陈旧或受损时,身体会将其分解并重生新骨骼以进行替换。然而,随着年龄增长,这种周期变得越

近日,一项突破性的研究发现,阻断大脑中特定受体能够显着增加骨骼强度。骨质疏松症新疗法即将到来了吗?

骨质疏松症通常发生于老年患者,导致骨骼逐渐衰弱。随着时间推移,骨骼会变得疏松多孔,以至于即使是咳嗽或者打喷嚏这样的微小影响都会导致骨折。据去年中国疾控中心发布的数据显示,我国骨质疏松患者已达1.6亿。目前还没有方法能治愈骨质疏松症,当前的治疗手段主要是降低骨折风险,但是并无法阻止病情的发展。对于健康人来说,当骨骼陈旧或受损时,身体会将其分解并重生新骨骼以进行替换。然而,随着年龄增长,这种周期变得越来越不稳定,分解的骨骼会比重生的骨骼更多。这就会导致骨骼逐渐变弱,最终发生骨质疏松症。

雌激素在人体内具有广泛的功能,特别与在生育方面。另外,它在大脑中也发挥作用,但科学家们目前对其在大脑中的功能却知之甚少。最近,美国加州大学旧金山分校和加州大学洛杉矶分校的科学家们进行了一系列研究以进一步了解雌激素在大脑中的作用。该研究近日已发表在《Nature Communications》上。

在研究过程中,他们意外取得了一项发现改变了骨质疏松症研究的面貌。该研究团队在Holly Ingraham博士的带领下,开始对雌激素在大脑中的活动如何改变生命不同阶段的代谢展开研究。他们尤其关注下丘脑中对雌激素敏感神经元的功能。这个大脑区域将神经系统与内分泌系统联系起来。下丘脑在调节代谢过程中起到重要作用,例如帮助控制体温、饥饿感、睡眠、疲劳和昼夜节律。

在进一步研究中,研究人员阻断了雌激素对动物下丘脑的影响,然后他们观察到这些实验动物的体重增加,且变得不再那么活跃。

起初,研究人员认为体重增加是由额外的脂肪或肌肉组织导致的。然而,再进一步的分析表明,体重增加的原因是由于骨量增加。有些体型大的实验动物骨量甚至增加了800%。

研究通讯作者Stephanie Correa博士说:“我当时就被这个结果震惊了。这两组完全没有重叠,这是我从未见过的。我们马上就意识到,这将改变“游戏规则”——一种全新的令人激动的改善女性健康的潜在疗法将要诞生。”

当研究人员对小鼠骨密度进行检测时发现它们也变得更加强壮。Ingraham感慨说:“终其一生都在研究骨骼的合作伙伴称他们从未见过这么强壮的骨骼!”

Ingraham继续说道:“我们目前关于身体如何控制骨骼生长的理论无法解释这一现象。这表明,我们可能发现了一种全新的途径,可以被用于改善老年女性和其他骨骼脆弱患者的骨骼强度。”

在后续研究中,研究人员专注于下丘脑中的一个特殊区域,该区域对骨骼有着不可思议的影响,这个区域就是弓状核。由于移除该区域的雌激素受体导致骨骼生长,所以他们认为在正常情况下,这些细胞从骨骼生长中吸取能量和资源,用于身体的其他部位。这一发现非常令人兴奋和惊讶,而且只出现在雌性小鼠中。Ingraham博士说:“大多数神经科学家都将研究限制在雄性小鼠,几乎没有人研究雌激素,这或许可以解释为什么这个现象一直没有被发现。我一直对性激素如何造成雄性和雌性大脑差异感兴趣,这项研究很好地证实了这种差异有多么显着。”研究人员们对实验进行扩展,以了解骨密度在小鼠的一生中是如何变化的。他们注意到小鼠在到达老年后骨密度保持不变。研究人员进一步测试了这种机制,他们删除了骨质疏松症小鼠模型的弓状雌激素受体。在失去70%骨量的小鼠中,它们的骨密度在短短几周就恢复了50%。

血液中的雌激素能够促进骨骼生长,然而,下丘脑中的雌激素却似乎起到了相反的作用。Ingraham猜测,在青春期后,雌性大脑中的雌激素系统会主动地将用于骨骼生长的资源转移给生殖系统,而这会导致女性在年龄增长的过程中面临更高的骨骼衰弱风险。由于这些结果非常令人惊讶且新颖,因此还需要更多的研究工作。然而,他们已经为骨质疏松症症的研究人员开辟了一条新途径。

Ingraham说:“我认为这个结果并非确定性的。如果接下来的实验证明,大脑会释放一种能够促进骨骼生长的新型循环因子,那么我们才可能真正开发出用于治疗骨质疏松症的药物。”

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    2019-10-05 liye789132251
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    2019-07-30 liuli5079
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    2019-03-19 clmlylxy
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883534, encodeId=cda4188353425, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 02:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2087499, encodeId=5455208e49933, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Tue Jul 30 20:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1667180, encodeId=ea02166e18068, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8863101899aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101899, encryptionId=8863101899aa, topicName=骨量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35f026117353, createdName=clmlylxy, createdTime=Tue Mar 19 06:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358431, encodeId=3f5d35843107, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=d85d1636106, createdName=lietome2, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 11:57:02 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358412, encodeId=e335358412e3, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 08:39:53 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1592531, encodeId=0f1f1592531e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6dc2101853ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101853, encryptionId=6dc2101853ed, topicName=骨质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e1d018108513, createdName=Eleven17, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 04:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358230, encodeId=f99635823064, content=继续研究!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdgSW0vVibEHQRlKXLlvMibvcHmy5ibwM7Luib2am6ywX6FqBrXibF8k7JVEzriaOSghltmYz1nomRd6TgSp2Yj9xHGAY/0, createdBy=9b2f2045808, createdName=haige, createdTime=Tue Jan 15 18:56:46 CST 2019, time=2019-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-17 lietome2

    好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1883534, encodeId=cda4188353425, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sat Oct 05 02:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2087499, encodeId=5455208e49933, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Tue Jul 30 20:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-07-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1667180, encodeId=ea02166e18068, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8863101899aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101899, encryptionId=8863101899aa, topicName=骨量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35f026117353, createdName=clmlylxy, createdTime=Tue Mar 19 06:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358431, encodeId=3f5d35843107, content=好文,值得点赞!认真学习,应用于实践!谢谢分享给广大同好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuUXgacXpPeW0x8Z3Qr9c3I2kTic4ZIpR29iaftYgkjRcbv982icYMtqANBPYBgPnOia6mVtX76qMXuc/0, createdBy=d85d1636106, createdName=lietome2, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 11:57:02 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358412, encodeId=e335358412e3, content=学习谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4Nd44v3xHnnictn9UpctwtH62EPQ59TMdI9lnqHMgQ16nH7GmGCfpzicsHgjibYVk6vwSpXrC86gMibRkoaIzf5HwSz7/0, createdBy=78cc1691107, createdName=龙胆草, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 08:39:53 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1592531, encodeId=0f1f1592531e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6dc2101853ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#骨质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101853, encryptionId=6dc2101853ed, topicName=骨质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e1d018108513, createdName=Eleven17, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 04:26:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=358230, encodeId=f99635823064, content=继续研究!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdgSW0vVibEHQRlKXLlvMibvcHmy5ibwM7Luib2am6ywX6FqBrXibF8k7JVEzriaOSghltmYz1nomRd6TgSp2Yj9xHGAY/0, createdBy=9b2f2045808, createdName=haige, createdTime=Tue Jan 15 18:56:46 CST 2019, time=2019-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-17 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

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    2019-01-17 Eleven17
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    2019-01-15 haige

    继续研究!

    0

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