低钠盐,适用于全世界!哈医大学者Meta分析

2022-08-11 中国循环杂志 中国循环杂志

结果显示,低钠盐使总死亡风险降低11%,心血管疾病死亡风险降低13%,心脏病发作或脑卒中风险降低11%。

高盐饮食可致高血压。武阳丰等开展的大规模整群随机对照试验——SSaSS研究也首次证实,低钠盐(也称代用盐)可减少14%的致死性和非致死性脑卒中,减少12%的全因死亡。

低钠盐就是其中一部分氯化钠(NaCl)被氯化钾(KCl)取代。

近日,哈尔滨医科大学田懋一等国内外学者在Heart杂志上在线发表的一项对现有证据的汇总数据分析发现,低钠盐适用于全球,食用低钠盐降低了心脏病发作、脑卒中和全因原因死亡以及心血管死亡的风险。

研究纳入了在欧洲、西太平洋地区、美洲和东南亚进行的21项低钠盐相关国际临床研究,包括31949人,其中19项研究分析了低钠盐对血压的影响,5项研究分析了低钠盐对临床结果的影响。

研究周期为1个月至5年。低钠盐中氯化钠的比例33%~75%;钾的比例在25%~65%。

汇总数据分析表明,所有人应用低钠盐都能降低血压。收缩压总体降低4.61 mmHg,舒张压总体降低1.61 mmHg。

无论居住地区、年龄、性别、高血压史、体重指数、基线血压以及基线24小时尿钠和尿钾水平如何,血压的降低是一致的。

低钠盐中,氯化钠比例每降低10%,收缩压下降1.53 mmHg,舒张压下降0.95 mmHg。

没有证据表明高钾饮食与任何健康危害有关。

对其中5项试验的结果进行汇总数据分析,涉及2.4万多名参与者,结果显示,低钠盐使总死亡风险降低11%,心血管疾病死亡风险降低13%,心脏病发作或脑卒中风险降低11%。

来源:

[1]Effects of salt substitutes on clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Heart, 2022, 0:1–8.

[2] 武阳丰. 推广低钠盐的科学证据及其公共卫生意义. 中国循环杂志, 2022, 37: 1-3. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2022.01.001

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    2022-11-08 hongbochen
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    2022-11-27 guojianrong
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    2022-11-16 gj0741
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696603, encodeId=0235169660319, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5ecb9645044' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#钠盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96450, encryptionId=5ecb9645044, topicName=钠盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=123b29899062, createdName=hongbochen, createdTime=Tue Nov 08 11:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006035, encodeId=b77b200603585, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68d629292b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#全世界#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29292, encryptionId=68d629292b6, topicName=全世界)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKnILSXam1GxPwj04ylEzibYLFA2eGl5Ev02klt80JA0xejMPqrn0mYHNNnLEgyqYTPbicXpY3tn6SA/132, createdBy=38fd2500059, createdName=新生儿张玉军, createdTime=Mon Jul 10 04:30:05 CST 2023, time=2023-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1888454, encodeId=a5f11888454c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Sun Nov 27 05:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690526, encodeId=5322169052639, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=770e39886f2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#哈医大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39886, encryptionId=770e39886f2, topicName=哈医大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f94f29060623, createdName=gj0741, createdTime=Wed Nov 16 14:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1897050, encodeId=0f09189e0505d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Dec 27 09:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2091145, encodeId=1f372091145ca, content=低钠盐的禁忌不能忽视。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ece81306633, createdName=limc, createdTime=Fri Sep 30 09:25:08 CST 2022, time=2022-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538294, encodeId=8257153829443, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1258263835a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低钠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26383, encryptionId=1258263835a, topicName=低钠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9512951240, createdName=zz12341238, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 22:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-12-27 一闲
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696603, encodeId=0235169660319, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5ecb9645044' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#钠盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96450, encryptionId=5ecb9645044, topicName=钠盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=123b29899062, createdName=hongbochen, createdTime=Tue Nov 08 11:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006035, encodeId=b77b200603585, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68d629292b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#全世界#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29292, encryptionId=68d629292b6, topicName=全世界)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKnILSXam1GxPwj04ylEzibYLFA2eGl5Ev02klt80JA0xejMPqrn0mYHNNnLEgyqYTPbicXpY3tn6SA/132, createdBy=38fd2500059, createdName=新生儿张玉军, createdTime=Mon Jul 10 04:30:05 CST 2023, time=2023-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1888454, encodeId=a5f11888454c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Sun Nov 27 05:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690526, encodeId=5322169052639, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=770e39886f2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#哈医大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39886, encryptionId=770e39886f2, topicName=哈医大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f94f29060623, createdName=gj0741, createdTime=Wed Nov 16 14:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1897050, encodeId=0f09189e0505d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Dec 27 09:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2091145, encodeId=1f372091145ca, content=低钠盐的禁忌不能忽视。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ece81306633, createdName=limc, createdTime=Fri Sep 30 09:25:08 CST 2022, time=2022-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538294, encodeId=8257153829443, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1258263835a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低钠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26383, encryptionId=1258263835a, topicName=低钠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9512951240, createdName=zz12341238, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 22:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-30 limc

    低钠盐的禁忌不能忽视。

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1696603, encodeId=0235169660319, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5ecb9645044' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#钠盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96450, encryptionId=5ecb9645044, topicName=钠盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=123b29899062, createdName=hongbochen, createdTime=Tue Nov 08 11:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006035, encodeId=b77b200603585, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68d629292b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#全世界#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=29292, encryptionId=68d629292b6, topicName=全世界)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKnILSXam1GxPwj04ylEzibYLFA2eGl5Ev02klt80JA0xejMPqrn0mYHNNnLEgyqYTPbicXpY3tn6SA/132, createdBy=38fd2500059, createdName=新生儿张玉军, createdTime=Mon Jul 10 04:30:05 CST 2023, time=2023-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1888454, encodeId=a5f11888454c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Sun Nov 27 05:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690526, encodeId=5322169052639, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=770e39886f2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#哈医大#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39886, encryptionId=770e39886f2, topicName=哈医大)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f94f29060623, createdName=gj0741, createdTime=Wed Nov 16 14:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-11-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1897050, encodeId=0f09189e0505d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Dec 27 09:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2091145, encodeId=1f372091145ca, content=低钠盐的禁忌不能忽视。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ece81306633, createdName=limc, createdTime=Fri Sep 30 09:25:08 CST 2022, time=2022-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1538294, encodeId=8257153829443, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1258263835a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#低钠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26383, encryptionId=1258263835a, topicName=低钠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9512951240, createdName=zz12341238, createdTime=Fri Aug 12 22:30:05 CST 2022, time=2022-08-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-12 zz12341238

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