Nature:“星星的孩子”重见光芒!唤醒“共情基因”Nlgn3, 或能治愈自闭症

2020-08-14 生物探索 生物探索

自闭症,又称孤独症,是一种影响交流和行为的发育障碍疾病。自闭症患者往往不愿与人对视,也不愿与人沟通,永远沉浸在属于自己的那片星空里,因此常被称作“星星的孩子”。

自闭症,又称孤独症,是一种影响交流和行为的发育障碍疾病。自闭症患者往往不愿与人对视,也不愿与人沟通,永远沉浸在属于自己的那片星空里,因此常被称作“星星的孩子”。

催产素(OXT)是一种激素,也是一种神经递质,除了能促进子宫收缩,也参与共情、信任、性活动和亲密关系的建立。近年来,OXT与自闭症的关系逐渐成为研究热点。先前的研究发现,自闭症患者的社交功能障碍可能源于体内较低的催产素水平。

既然催产素与自闭症的关系如此密切,那么是否可以在此基础上进一步研究引起自闭症的本质原因?并进一步找到治疗自闭症的潜在疗法呢?

近日,巴塞尔大学生物中心的研究人员发表在《Nature》上的一篇名为“Rescue of oxytocin response and social behaviour in a mouse model of autism”的文章,首次揭示了神经胶质素-3(Neuroligin-3, Nlgn3)基因的突变会通过影响大脑奖赏系统神经元中蛋白质合成的平衡,从而破坏大脑奖赏系统神经元中催产素的信号传导途径,而使用一种高度特异的脑渗透抑制剂MAP激酶相互作用激酶(MNK)可以重新正常化动物的社会行为。

Doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2563-7

最初,研究人员敲除了幼年小鼠的Nlgn3基因(Nlgn3KO小鼠),并让它们完成一项社会识别任务。结果发现神经元中Nlgn3的选择性缺失会让Nlgn3KO小鼠识别障碍,它们之间的社会互动减少。

缺乏Nlgn3的小鼠的反应表型

这引起了研究人员的注意,于是,他们通过标记伏隔核(NAC) 内侧壳层的脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)神经元并记录了电流信号,从而研究Nlgn3的缺失是否会影响这些神经元对催产素反应的影响。结果发现, Nlgn3KO小鼠VTA神经元的基线放电频率略有降低,浴敷1μM催产素可显著提高野生型小鼠细胞的放电频率。

这些情况说明Nlgn3KO小鼠“识别障碍”是由催产素水平的降低引起的,Nlgn3的缺失与催产素神经元以及自闭症之间有着密切的联系。

缺失Nlgn3的VTA神经元的催产素反应发生改变

接下来,研究人员又对Nlgn3KO小鼠的中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)的分子改变进行了蛋白质组学鉴定,结果发现,mRNA翻译的改变与神经元可塑性的缺陷有关。这说明由于Nlgn3的缺失可以改变小鼠的翻译过程,这种翻译稳态的破坏会导致神经元的可塑性(神经元的连接能力)和神经发育状况受损。

Nlgn3KO小鼠VTA中翻译调控被破坏

因此,研究人员猜想,是否能通过恢复Nlgn3KO小鼠的翻译过程来恢复催产素神经元的反应呢?在进一步的研究中,研究人员重点研究了ETC-168(一种mRNA翻译过程的关键调节因子)对Nlgn3KO小鼠的作用。他们发现,ETC-168可以恢复敲除Nlgn3基因的小鼠的社会行为,改变了它们的社会认知,变得和健康同类一样。

ETC-168恢复了lgn3KO小鼠的社交能力

此外,值得注意的是,ETC-168总体上耐受性较好,可以用于长期的治疗。

ETC-168的耐受性较好

总之,这项研究首次发现了Nlgn3基因的缺失会降低催产素的作用,从而影响小鼠的社交互动能力,而通过ETC-168的治疗又可恢复这种自闭行为。小编认为,这对于“星星的孩子”而言,无疑带来了希望之光。

当然,我们也需要用辩证思维来看待自闭症,催产素是一个需要考虑的易感因素,但并不是导致其发生发展的唯一因素。除了遗传因素以外,例如精神因素、消化系统异常和一些后天的因素均会导致自闭症。如果我们身边存在“孤独患者”,请不要用有色眼睛去看待他们,请给予他们同等的尊重。

原始出处:

Hanna H?rnberg, Enrique Pérez-Garci, Dietmar Schreiner, et.al. Rescue of oxytocin response and social behaviour in a mouse model of autism. Nature 05 August 2020

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=808977, encodeId=1a618089e755, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4266863e7bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭症#</a>,应该可以试试小剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=39b12802e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#催产素#</a>长期治疗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86377, encryptionId=4266863e7bd, topicName=自闭症), TopicDto(id=28027, encryptionId=39b12802e9e, topicName=催产素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1070218, encodeId=d37f10e021897, content=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 19:34:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884579, encodeId=aa2918845e921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 22:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=891865, encodeId=9481891865e9, content=牛逼, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eef2099827, createdName=1801f6448em, createdTime=Tue Oct 13 21:10:12 CST 2020, time=2020-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527783, encodeId=29fc152e78311, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=159511872623, createdName=xiongke014, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 05:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-14 lovetcm

    #自闭症#,应该可以试试小剂量#催产素#长期治疗

    1

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=808977, encodeId=1a618089e755, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4266863e7bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭症#</a>,应该可以试试小剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=39b12802e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#催产素#</a>长期治疗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86377, encryptionId=4266863e7bd, topicName=自闭症), TopicDto(id=28027, encryptionId=39b12802e9e, topicName=催产素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1070218, encodeId=d37f10e021897, content=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 19:34:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884579, encodeId=aa2918845e921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 22:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=891865, encodeId=9481891865e9, content=牛逼, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eef2099827, createdName=1801f6448em, createdTime=Tue Oct 13 21:10:12 CST 2020, time=2020-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527783, encodeId=29fc152e78311, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=159511872623, createdName=xiongke014, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 05:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-14 病毒猎手

    https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=808977, encodeId=1a618089e755, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4266863e7bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭症#</a>,应该可以试试小剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=39b12802e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#催产素#</a>长期治疗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86377, encryptionId=4266863e7bd, topicName=自闭症), TopicDto(id=28027, encryptionId=39b12802e9e, topicName=催产素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1070218, encodeId=d37f10e021897, content=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 19:34:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884579, encodeId=aa2918845e921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 22:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=891865, encodeId=9481891865e9, content=牛逼, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eef2099827, createdName=1801f6448em, createdTime=Tue Oct 13 21:10:12 CST 2020, time=2020-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527783, encodeId=29fc152e78311, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=159511872623, createdName=xiongke014, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 05:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-25 liye789132251
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=808977, encodeId=1a618089e755, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4266863e7bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭症#</a>,应该可以试试小剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=39b12802e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#催产素#</a>长期治疗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86377, encryptionId=4266863e7bd, topicName=自闭症), TopicDto(id=28027, encryptionId=39b12802e9e, topicName=催产素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1070218, encodeId=d37f10e021897, content=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 19:34:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884579, encodeId=aa2918845e921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 22:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=891865, encodeId=9481891865e9, content=牛逼, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eef2099827, createdName=1801f6448em, createdTime=Tue Oct 13 21:10:12 CST 2020, time=2020-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527783, encodeId=29fc152e78311, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=159511872623, createdName=xiongke014, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 05:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-10-13 1801f6448em

    牛逼

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=808977, encodeId=1a618089e755, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4266863e7bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭症#</a>,应该可以试试小剂量<a href='/topic/show?id=39b12802e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#催产素#</a>长期治疗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86377, encryptionId=4266863e7bd, topicName=自闭症), TopicDto(id=28027, encryptionId=39b12802e9e, topicName=催产素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Aug 14 20:23:25 CST 2020, time=2020-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1070218, encodeId=d37f10e021897, content=https://www.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=853f220351ee 临床研究结果出来了,阴性结果。当然也可能与催产素的半衰期太短有关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 19:34:56 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884579, encodeId=aa2918845e921, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Nov 25 22:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=891865, encodeId=9481891865e9, content=牛逼, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5eef2099827, createdName=1801f6448em, createdTime=Tue Oct 13 21:10:12 CST 2020, time=2020-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527783, encodeId=29fc152e78311, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=159511872623, createdName=xiongke014, createdTime=Sun Aug 16 05:23:21 CST 2020, time=2020-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-08-16 xiongke014

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