益生菌是细菌:可能会打破肠道菌群平衡,并干扰免疫系统

2019-04-19 卢芳 中国循环杂志

一提益生菌,肠道笑呵呵。而且确实有研究证实,益生菌能治疗一部分人的胃肠道疾病。益生菌的市场也较为庞大,2013年全球市场价值达360亿美元。

一提益生菌,肠道笑呵呵。而且确实有研究证实,益生菌能治疗一部分人的肠道疾病。益生菌的市场也较为庞大,2013年全球市场价值达360亿美元。

但是,任何事物都是双面的。

哈佛大学医学院Pieter Cohen就曾在JAMA子刊发文指出,益生菌毕竟也是微生物,具有感染性质,尤其对于免疫缺陷的患者风险较大。而且也有很多病例报告了菌血症或真菌血症。

还有学者就担忧,益生菌并非看起来那么无害,可能会影响其他药物在体内的作用方式。

而近日一项对46例黑色素瘤患者进行的研究似乎也为这种担忧做了脚注。

这项研究显示,患者在接受肿瘤免疫治疗的同时服用益生菌制剂,其免疫治疗反应可能性降低70%。

研究样本虽小,但进一步支持了当前主流观点,即益生菌可能会打破肠道菌群平衡,并干扰免疫反应。

“希望人们心中记住一点:各种柜台销售的益生菌不是必需的。这些益生菌或许不能让人获益,甚至可能会造成伤害。”开展这项研究的学者提醒说。

但目前,益生菌和维生素之类一样,受到食品药品监督管理局的监管较为宽松,临床试验缺乏结构化报告,上市后缺乏有效的安全性监测。此外,在很多人心目中,益生菌对健康是非常有益的。

以色列免疫学学者伊兰·埃利纳夫则很疑惑地表示,为什么大众在没有明确的医疗证据下就随意对此买买买?

此外值得注意的是,益生菌的各种制品差异较大,并不均一恒定,菌株、浓度等都有所不同。

不过也有学者认为,46个人的研究规模太小,而年龄、种族、性别、不同个人微生物差异等变量太多,对益生菌干扰免疫治疗一锤定音为时尚早。他的一例黑色素瘤患者就从益生菌的使用中获益了。

Cohen认为,46人研究还是提醒益生菌对免疫系统有影响的,而且目前也没有任何数据显示这些微生物可以改善健康状况。

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    2019-04-20 Aaron.Lou9795

    good

    0

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    2019-04-20 183****7028

    谢谢

    0

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    2019-04-20 183****7028

    学习

    0

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