盘点:Diabetes Care 10月刊重要研究汇总

2017-10-04 MedSci MedSci原创

【1】慢性胰腺炎引起糖尿病患者的α细胞功能如何DOI:10.2337/dc17-0792糖尿病患者常常出现慢性胰腺炎。近期,一项新的研究评估了在由慢性胰腺炎引起的糖尿病患者人群中,其胰高血糖素对低血糖反应和口服葡萄糖的反应。研究者们将10例继发于慢性胰腺炎的糖尿病患者与13例2型糖尿病患者以及10例健康对照者进行了比较研究。进行逐步降低血糖和口服葡萄糖耐量试验。结果表明,糖尿病合并慢性胰腺炎患者以

【1】慢性胰腺炎引起糖尿病患者的α细胞功能如何

DOI:10.2337/dc17-0792

糖尿病患者常常出现慢性胰腺炎。近期,一项新的研究评估了在由慢性胰腺炎引起的糖尿病患者人群中,其胰高血糖素对低血糖反应和口服葡萄糖的反应。研究者们将10例继发于慢性胰腺炎的糖尿病患者与13例2型糖尿病患者以及10例健康对照者进行了比较研究。进行逐步降低血糖和口服葡萄糖耐量试验。结果表明,糖尿病合并慢性胰腺炎患者以及2型糖尿病患者的α-细胞对口服葡萄糖和低血糖的反应受到干扰。

【2】德国在预防2型糖尿病的效果如何

DOI:10.2337/dc16-2099

自德国的国家糖尿病预防计划实施4年以来,为了评估参与者水平的结局,该计划是通过结构化的生活方式改变计划来预防高风险患者发生2型糖尿病所做出的全国性努力。近日,研究人员对在2012年2月至2016年1月期间招募入为期一年的2型糖尿病预防计划的14747例成年人的数据进行描述性分析。总体而言,35.5%的参与者实现了体重减少5%的目标。每增加一次参会次数,自我报告的活动时间增加30分钟,参与者体重减少增加0.3%。由此可见,在计划实施头4年里,国家DPP已被广泛采用生活方式改变计划来预防2型糖尿病,并且有前景较好的早期结果。更长的参会持续时间和强度可导致较高的整体和亚群的体重减轻。

【3】短信接收治疗法可以和吃药一样帮助糖尿病患者

DOI:10.2337/dc17-0230

近些年,糖尿病逐渐变成了快速增长的流行病,影响着越来越多人们的健康和生活。在斯克里普斯惠蒂尔糖尿病研究所研究人员发起的一项研究中,科学家对低收入家庭的糖尿病患者进行健康短信指导法,来帮助患者管理他们的血糖和糖尿病,研究结果显示,病人的血糖水平与服用降压药效果相当。90%以上的参与者表示,通过短信指导法,他们的血糖水平控制得很好。

【4】糖尿病对Roux-en-Y手术死亡风险的影响

DOI:10.2337/dc17-0519

近期,新的一项研究评估了Roux-en-Y胃旁路术(RYGB)和相匹配的对照者人群中由糖尿病状态分层的全因死亡率和特异性死亡率。研究者们使用电子健康记录的数据,根据年龄、BMI、性别和手术时糖尿病状况将RYGB患者与对照受试者进行匹配。使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox回归来评估RYGB患者和有和没有糖尿病的对照受试者之间的全因和特异性死亡率的差异。结果表明,RYGB的全因死亡率主要由手术时患者的糖尿病状态所致。有糖尿病的RYGB患者心血管疾病、糖尿病和呼吸系统疾病的死亡率低于无RYGB的患者。

【5】Afamin或是识别2型糖尿病高危人群的新指标

DOI:10.2337/dc17-0201

近日一项荟萃分析发现,人维生素E结合糖蛋白Afamin与胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病的患病率及发病率均有很强的联系,并且独立于其他代谢因素或指标,有望成为一项识别2型糖尿病高危人群的新指标。这项荟萃分析纳入了8项前瞻性队列研究的结果,涉及20136人,结果发现:Afamin水平每上升10mg/L与2型糖尿病的发病率增加相关;Afamin水平与被试的胰岛素抵抗水平HOMA-IR评分正相关。此外,研究还发现,Afamin水平是585例糖尿病发病病例的独立预测因子,将其加入预测模型中后对于糖尿病发病风险的预测精度显著提高。

【6】1型糖尿病患者发生卒中后的预后及其预测指标

DOI:10.2337/dc17-0681

尽管1型糖尿病患者卒中后预后不佳,但对这些患者卒中后存活的预测研究甚少。近日,新的一项观察性研究进行了探究。研究随访期间,104名(72%)患者发生了血管复合终点。血管复合终点的预测因子包括出血性卒中亚型、以及慢性肾脏病2期、3期、4期和5期。全因死亡率随着肾功能恶化而有所增加。由此可见,1型糖尿病伴卒中的患者心血管预后不良,并且全因死亡风险较高。尤其是出血性卒中亚型和糖尿病肾病进展的患者中出现了更坏的结局。

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    2017-10-04 hhh678

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